When mentioning the Aral Sea, the first thing that comes to mind is a grand ecological catastrophe, as a result of which this unique reservoir is almost completely dry. The Aral Sea is a faceless salt lake, the flow of water into which is occurring along the rivers Amudarya and Syrdarya. Unreasonable use of water resources of these rivers for agricultural land reclamation and led to so sad consequences. Currently, the coastline of the Aral Sea, more than 100 km retreated from its initial position, exposing some of the surface, which was previously a seabed. And here it was the discovery of a lot of noise. It happened completely by chance. In April 1990, an employee of the Kazakhstan Research Hydrometeorological Institute, Boris Smedda, ordered aerial photographs of the Aral himself and the area adjacent to him. Having received the results of this shooting, the funeral was just amazed. In photographs made from a bird's height, it was clearly seen that the surface of the Earth, previously located underwater, was literally dying with incomprehensible drawings, signs, lines. And to explain their origin by natural reasons, it would be very difficult. Well, in fact, do you ever meet in nature parallel straight lines? Or how can you explain the appearance of several, absolutely identical characters, the distance between which is measured by kilometers? Immediately arises the idea of \u200b\u200binvolvement in the creation of drawings at the bottom of the Aral Sea of \u200b\u200brational beings. But who were they, these creatures?
To correctly understand the nature of the phenomenon, found at the bottom of the Aral, should be remembered about one anomaly. Yes, with a similar phenomenon, people are not faced for the first time. In 1939, in the Peruvian desert Naska, pilots, moving over the desert on a small plane, noticed a strange figure portraying a flying bird. The public was immediately interested in this fact, the American researcher Paul Kosovo went to Peru.

The bottom of the Aral Sea

It turned out that in the desert of Naska such drawings set. Some depict birds or animals, some are geometric shapes like circles and triangles. We met and just straight lines. The main feature of these incomprehensible images was that it was possible to see them only with a high height. As well as those pictures that were found at the bottom of the Aral Sea. And although the methods applied when creating figures differ - on Aral, these are furrows in the ground, and the line of Peruvian drawings are lined with stone, it is quite likely that these creations have one author. The artist simply used that method that was optimal for the terrain chosen. It turns out that, despite the fact that Central Asia and Peru share huge distances and the ocean, someone had the opportunity to be there, and there. But our ancestors were not exactly the shoulder. So who committed such a great act? It may very much that pictures at the bottom of Aral and in the Naska desert are the hands of the aliens from space. In favor of this version, many facts say. Create such images with such accuracy is the most difficult task even for a modern person, not to mention our primitive features. In addition, it is absolutely no point in drawing pictures that cannot be seen from the ground - it turns out, they were created to observe from height, and therefore mysterious artists owned flight technologies. Finally, in the case of Aral, the images were created under the thickness of water, and such people will not even be able to repeat. So it turns out that, no matter how cool, and the trail stretches to more developed creatures than we. The question remains open, for which these images were performed? Assumptions about this was spent quite a few. Someone suggested that the drawings are navigation marks of the aliens who indicate the path to the landing grounds, but there is a lot of doubts about this. First, reasonable creatures capable of making a space flight, most likely had more advanced navigation methods (even we have JPS and radar, and our aircraft landing at the airfields not on the inscription "Landing here"), secondly, in the case With the Aral Sea, the drawings are generally hidden under the thickness of water. They were found only after drying the aral - so what visual alarm can we talk about?
More reasonable seems to the hypothesis that mysterious images are just a message. Something like graffiti "here was Vasya", if you want. Once upon a time, the land was visited by an alien expedition and, finding a reasonable life here, aliens decided that the descendants of the Aborigines would be very interested to learn about their arrival. And so that people can learn about it, only reaching a certain level of development, created images that are distinguishable only from a high height. And the paintings in the desert of Naska are the main, and those that at the bottom of Aral - reserve. The aliens probably foresee the death of the sea and decided that its bottom was ideal for posting the backup message if the main located in the open locality would be destroyed by time.
As you can see, the alien version of the origin of mysterious drawings explains almost everything. And yet, is it right? It would be possible not to "steam" on this score, if not for one fact. Sometimes from the Aral Sea comes reports of incomprehensible phenomenon. Eyewitnesses observe a huge wave rolling through the sea surface. This wave comes from anyway and also goes nowhere. No natural reasons should be explained by the appearance and disappearance of this wave, if only ...
A couple of decades years ago, a hypothesis about the existence of objects wandering over time appeared in the Upheological Environment. They seem to exist immediately in several epochs. It is possible that the Aral Sea is that such an object. And then everything falls into place. The gigantic wave comes from the past when the Aral Sea was still a full-water reservoir. The mysterious drawings can be the message of our distant descendants, warning us from irreparable steps, such as which in the desert turns the beautiful blue sea in Asia, or the green jungle in Peru.
And finally. Whatever the version of the origin of mysterious giant images - an alien or intersmerized will not be faithful, undoubtedly one - the world is full of riddles and to solve them, we need to learn how to see much further "own nose".

The Kazakhstani part of the priaraly today is a messy picture: the drums of the rivers of the ancient Syrdarya Delta cut through the sun. Terrain from a bird's eye view resembles a gigantic triangle. Its area is over 400 square kilometers. From the north and northeast plain is limited to the modern channel of Syrdarya, from the West - the Aral Sea (or rather, the fact that it remains from him), and from the south - the sands of the desert Kyzylkum. So it was not always - the appearance of this territory repeatedly changed: then there was a waste, then marine waves were noisy. At different times, the peoples of completely different cultures flocked here. It is not by chance that this land is a well-known researcher of the history and culture of Central Asia Sergey Tolstov gave the name "Aral Node of Ethnogenesis". And the proof of the former turbulent life is the whole cities that local archaeologists find on the former seabed.

Strange place

Drying of the Aral Sea is called one of the most terrible ecological catastrophes of the 20th century. The area of \u200b\u200bthe reservoir gradually decreased, he was melted, exposing his bottom. Three years ago, hunters from the Karatery village pursued game for a former day of the sea and unexpectedly found themselves near the island of Barsaquelmes, approximately three hundred kilometers from Kyzylorda. They exactly allegedly became the first to see the ancient settlement, as if arising from nowhere. However, there are suspicions that people stumbled on the ruins of the ghost city and before. I must say that this place itself is the island of Barsakelmes - it has bad glory. It is not by chance that, probably, in translation from the Kazakh, it means "go - you will not come back." As always, if the facts are smaller than rumors, a large number of legends and legends are made about the island, which refers to strange incidents associated with almost a change in the normal course of time. Say, in the memorable summer, fugitives, after sitting on the island just a few years, came to their aged native decades later. And whole families allegedly disappeared here. Disputes about the causes of the anomalies among researchers unknown, they calm down, then flared up with a new force. Therefore, when the news of finding near Barsakelmes reached historians, they did not postpone the case in a long box and went to the expedition.

From the bottom of the marine

For the first time, being in this place, we did not believe our eyes, "Dmitry Walikin, Master of Historical Sciences, Head of the Institute of Archeology of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan, shall be delivered with their eyes. - Imagine: At the bottom, covered with a white salt, the outlines of the ancient city can be seen, the remnants of mausoleums and necropolia are clearly distinguished. Many at first even jokingly said that the lost Atlantis was found in Kazakhstan.

The detected city was conventionally called Aral-Asar - "Aral Trail". Despite the fact that its main buildings turned out to be very blurred, archaeologists still restored the appearance of an unknown settlement. First of all, it determined its area - six hectares. After it was necessary to establish age. It helped to do the ceramics found during the excavation - it belonged to the end of the XIV century, that is, the period of the Golden Horde.

And then scientists have expected solid surprises. Economic items were found in large quantities: 14 millstalls, ceramic vessels, fragments of iron and bronze products. Apparently, all his attention was concentrated on the cultivation of rice with subsequent processing of his flour. Moreover, the production volumes were so great that rice fields with gigantic irrigation systems and channels occupied most of the settlement. This is told by the found huge storage facilities - Zhamdans. Scientists do not exclude: Aral-Asar was a powerful production zone for the delivery of flour for export. But this is strange. The population of the Central Asian region in those distant times mostly led the nomadic lifestyle and was engaged in breeding livestock. And therefore, the objects of agricultural fishery have become for scientists of a real surprise.

How in this place the whole city grew, you can only guess. Aral-Asar is located far from ancient major settlements. The closest ones are Kacken-Kale and Jennd - are 200 kilometers away.

Presumably, part of people from there came to live in Aral-Asar, "says Dmitry Walikin. - However, there is another version. Residents could move here from cities that are still hidden by the waters of Aral and are still unknown to us.

Therefore, with the detection of Aral-Asara's questions, researchers have appeared even more than answers. For example, it is not known who the residents of the settlement were. There is an assumption that these were ethnic descendants of mixed Ogzo-Kipchak tribes. Oguza is considered the ancestors of modern Turkmen, Azerbaijanis and Turks. And Kipchaki - the forefathers of Tatars, Kazakhs, Bashkir, Karachayvtsev and other peoples. As the ancient written sources say, in those days, the Ogzovsky tribes were slowly supplanted from these areas of the Kipchak birth to know. But left without everyone. It is not excluded that one of the tribes remained to live in Aral-Asara.

Most likely, this settlement existed a very short time - for example, several decades, "the director of the Kazakhstan Institute of Archeology Karl Bypakov suggested. - But it was built by capital, as if on the century. On the one hand, the Crescent was located an industrial zone. The residential sector was in the center. Rice fields with irrigation systems were separated from residential buildings with powerful artificial channels of a width of at least three meters. Unfortunately, unique structures were blurred, as a result of which we managed to find only fragments of houses. Most of them were sacred buildings with standard layout for that time. In the center - Tandar (a universal furnace, used both for cooking and heating), which was mounted in Sufa - a bed, which occupied most of the room. Its boards are composed of raw bricks, and the space between the wall was filled with soil. From above, the structure was fused with a clay solution and covered with carpets.

And closed the city of Necropolis, at the same time was the boundary of the settlement. "It seems that this is a real" valley of the dead, "says Professor, Senior Researcher, Kyzylorda State University of Ablai Aidosov. - Mausoleum, who was in the central part of the necropolis, now is a floating hill with a height of less than two meters. But once the walls were lined with a burning brick, and the foundation represented a solid construction of stone slabs. " Such a massive foundation is notepins for similar buildings of Central Asia. Apparently, the ancient urban planners took into account the peculiarities of the soil - unstable and irrevocated. The thickness of the walls is striking - in a narrow place, it is at least a meter. The entrance to the mausoleum decorated the portal, laid out to the glazed tile with gold inscriptions in Arabic. In the inner guryans - halls divided into two parts, buried both men and women with children. In total, the researchers found seven burials here, and they all belong to the end of the XIV century. True, the central burial, blocked by four massive plates, turned out to be empty. Whether this is a deception, whether the grave was plundered because the leader of a tribe or another person who had a high status could be buried in it.

A lot of questions caused a pair found in the crypt of gold earrings in the form of a head of Barca, biting his tail. "Such an object is completely uncharactertene for people professing Islam," says Ablai Aidos. - And of course, those who lived here adhered to this religion. But this discovery may indicate that in those distant times in Aral-Asar, the generic traditions of shamanism and Tengrianism - a monotheistic religion, the Supreme God in which is the Ten-Gri-force, which controls the world. "

When the excavations of the Mausoleum approached the end, scientists found a real treasure - a large jug with workers of labor that were used to treat the Earth. Some kind of hoe. In those distant times, they appreciated no less than gold. Someone from the locals probably in the last days of the city's existence of the city hid it all in Mausoleum, hoping sometime here is still back. However, Arala's waters were absorbed by the settlement, and the treasure went to archaeologists.

The water cycle

The question is why the whole city went under the water in places where every drop of lively moisture on gold weight is perhaps the researchers most. "The Aral Sea is a unique pool, named by the sea, although it is surrounded by deserts from all sides and has no connection with the ocean," says Dmitry Voyankin. - Like most of the closed pools of a arid zone, Aral has a very unstable water level. "

The very existence of such an extensive basin directly depends on the volume of major Asia-Amudarya and Syrdarya flowing into it. Even at the beginning of the first I millennium BC, Amudarya completely filled the Aral Wpadin, and since Syrdarya and Syrdarya also fell into it, then the sea reached the maximum level. However, in the subsequent historical periods of Amu Darya, several times turned their waters to the West, in Sarykamysh, the depression, having mastered the aral. So it was in the middle of the first millennium of our era - in the IV-VI centuries, when the sea level decreased significantly. From VII to XIII centuries. The direction of the settlement of Amudarya was restored, and Aral was again filled. However, during the invasion of the Mongols at the beginning of the XIII century, which led researchers, to the destruction of irrigation systems in the lower reaches of the river, Amu Darya turned their waters again. The next time, the turn of her flow, apparently, occurred after the capture of Khorezm Timur, whose troops completely destroyed the channel system and drainage. As a result, the Aral Sea again went out of his shores. And it happened just at the end of the XIV century. Apparently, then Aral-Asar arose. On the exposed day began to build at home, the city gradually grew and developed. But unstable waters again filled the depression, burying everything erected by people. Most likely the water arrived quickly, and the residents barely had enough time to collect the necessary SKARB and leave the spaces exhausted. Without a doubt, they did not expect the sea to return so soon.

How many other recessed cities hides Aral, is definitely unknown. But they are, archaeologists do not doubt. Perfect at the beginning of the year, flying of the territory and aerial photography showed that at the bottom of the sea for whole kilometers stretch the former fieldations of fields with developed irrigation systems. If so, then whole settlements were probably nearby. So, they still have a chance to return from non-existence and give scientists a chance to understand what kind of history and culture was hiding under the waters of Aral.

At the bottom of the Aral Sea in Kazakhstan, an ancient burial was found - the remnants of the Mausoleum, erected about 600 years ago.

According to some experts, this find suggests that the Aral Sea dried long before the current annulation began, and that the water level differences are cyclic.

Riaral

The Aral Sea is located on sandy, with a dry climate of the plateau. It is part of the ancient Sarmatian sea. In 1950, the length of the Aral Sea was equal to 426 km, and the width - 284 km, the deepest place is 68 m. 96% of the sea area is covered with water, 4% falls on land. Water in the sea is moving clockwise from left to right.

In the middle of the Kainazoy era, or 21 million 1200 years ago, Aral was connected to Caspian. This connection existed until 1573. Amudarya (Oxus) in the Delta Uzuba fell into the Caspian Sea, and the Trugay River - in Aral.

The famous Greek scientist Claudius Ptoleum, who lived 1800 years ago, in his work "Almagest" (Great Construction) created a map of the world from 27 parts. The 22th map shows the Aral and Caspian Sea. It shows how the Zarafshan and Amudarya river flows into the Caspian River.

62,000 years ago, Amudarya (OX) began his beginning with Tien Shan through Fergana Hollow. Traveler Marco Polo gave her the name "Ion". And Syrdarya (Jacsart) flowed on a hooker located east of Mount Kuljuk of the current Bukhara region.

From the coast of the Aral Sea at a depth of 80 meters found fossil remains of China and red fish, living in the period of oligocene. From these places and near the Fortress Shilpy, which is east of Nukus, teeth and acul bones are found. This, in turn, suggests that Aral has been connected with the ocean for a long time. At various periods of Virgin, various travelers constituted the map of the Aral Sea. In 1758, British Jenkinson, in 1664 - Dutchman Nikolai Bitsen, in 1723 Dalilia, in 1734 - Wings, in 1741 - Muravin, in 1834 - Lepshin.

In the study of maritime nature, the captain of Butakov and the Great Kobzar Taras Shevchenko were invested.

In 1740, the Englishman Thomson wrote: "In the lower course of Amudarya, Caracalpaks live. They are on reed boats, without removing from the shore, catch fish. "

At the end of the 16th and early 17th centuries, due to the decrease in the sea level, the islands "Barsakelmes", "Cascaculan", "Cozhetpeses", "Uyalya", "Biiktau", "Revival" were formed. In 1819, one of the first island "Barsakelmes" inflicted the Expedition of Buttakov to the map. Zhanadarya since 1819, and Kuandarya has ceased to fall into the Aral Sea from 1823. The Aral Sea until 1870 was connected to the Sarykamysh lake. A steamer, built in the Swedish city of Motol by order of Russia in 1850, was first short to the Aral Sea in 1853.

In 1886, the expeditions of A. Nikolsky were organized in the south of Aral, and in the north - academician L. Berg and quite studied the fish wealth of Aral. To use this fish wealth, the Tsarist Russia begins in 1905 the construction of the railway. Fishermen began to arrive from Astrakhan, Don, Black Sea, Central Russia. The merchants of Lapshin, Ritkin, Krasilnikov, Makeev and others with their boats organized large fishing unions and created a major joint-stock company "Hiva". In 1913, the one-owned paragraph Aralsk was named the village. 1026 people lived in it. And in 1930, the city. During these years, a shipbuilding plant was built.

The Aral Fish Research Station has existed since 1920. Until 1970, 34 species of fish lived in Aral, of which more than 20 were commercial importance. Today, in connection with the submarine salty of its water to the degree of world seas, there (phyto and zooplankton) there is no life. Until 1965 from Aralsk to Muinaka and Amu Durier to Nukus, Khodjelli and Chargey, passenger and cargo ships were kicked. In 1946, 234, 320 centers of fish were caught in the Aral Sea. At the Kazakh part of Aral, there were 5 fish factories, 1 fishing factor, 45 fish receptions. And in South Aral (Republic of Karakalpakistan) there were 5 fishes, 1 fish conservable, more than 20 fish receptions.

According to information, in 1946, Kazakhs, Karakalpaks, Russians, Ukrainians, Germans, Latvians, Azerbaijanis, Poles, Moldovans, Kalmyki, Azerbaijanis, Poles, Moldovans, Kalmyks, Kuvashi, Tatars, Tatars, Tatars, Tatars, Tatars, Tatars, Tatars, Moldovans Representatives of 33 nationalities. In 1960-1990, Muinak's population decreased by more than 15 thousand people, more than 40 thousand people left the Aral coast of the Kzyl-Ordin region.

In 1960, an irrigated Pashnya in the Aral Sea basin compared to 1913 increased by 3 million hectares. Watering for irrigation from Amudarya and Syrdarya amounted to 64, 6 cubic meters. By 1992, the sea level fell to 48-50 meters, and comparedent from 1961 in 1981 the water level fell by 8 meters, and in 1992 - 18 meters. The marine lens declined at 3, 1 time, the salinity of water increased in 2, 5 - 3 times.

In 1957-1958, valuable ondatrov skins were mined from the lake in the lower course of Amu Darya in the number of one million pieces. Today is less than 10 thousand pieces. The two largest water artery of Central Asia and South Kazakhstan - Syrdarya, the most extended river of this region, and Amu Darya are the most long-water river in the Aral Sea. The stock of them is formed in Tien Shan mountain systems, Pamiro-Alya and Gindukusha, and on the approach to the sea they flow along the desert zone. The catchment area of \u200b\u200bthe pools of Amudarya and Syrdarya in the mountain range 350 thousand km. Syrdarya belongs to the rivers of snow-glacial, amamarya - glacier and snow diet.

In general, the water resources of the Aral Sea basin make up about 127 km. At the same time, water flow, suitable for use in the national economy of Central Asia, is estimated by specialists in 91-92 km, and most of its part is already used. Water intake on irrigation in the river basin was already in 1970, by different data, 33, 5-37, 0 km / year. Depending on the water year, the flow costs ranged from 16-18 km in low-water IDB 30 - 31 km² in many-fashioned years. The high water costs were also due to powerful spills in the lower river to 13 - 14 km / year. The growth of irrevocable water losses to irrigation led to a decrease in flow in the lower flow of Syrdarya. Only for 1961-1980, he declined from Kazalinsk by 12, 2 km², and in 1981-1985. - Another 2 km 3, and amounted to 1, 4 km / year (a decrease of 10 times.

Recently, the total water intake in the irrigation systems in the upper flow is 22 km², in the middle of about 10-12 km in the lower - 10 km. In 30-40 years, the river water had average annual mineralization from 0, 25 g / l in the upper reaches 0, 50 g / l in the lower current, mainly bicarbonate-calcium composition. But since the 40s, the mineralization of river water slowly, and from the 60s everything increases more intensively, the ratio of ions in water becomes other.

In the 1970s, the further development of irrigation coincided with a strong low-water, which led to a significant increase in water mineralization. In the lower current, average annual values \u200b\u200breached 1, 50-1, 80 g. / L, the greatest values \u200b\u200bin the city of KazALINSK exceeded 3 g / l. The ion composition was sulphate sodium. In the direction of Syrdarya, over 16 different reservoirs were created. The flow rate of water in the river slowed down 3-4 times. Spring floods, which were washed, cleaned the river bed, stopped. From the trunk of Syrdarya, I walked (!) Million 650 thousand hectares of land. Almost seventh of this arable land is in the Kyzyl-Ordin region, on the approaches to Aral.

Tugai, who once occupied the area over 41, 740 hectares in 1960, they are waiting and deserted. Their area has recently decreased more than twice.

Existing residual taut more xerofils than tugai, shrubs (comb), the lack of resumption of woody rocks (Iva, Loch, Turanga) leads to a significant reduction in their range and complete disappearance. Amudarya - Glacial and Snow Food River. Relatively high and underground drain, but the rainy accounts for only about 1% of the drain.

After the release of the river on the plain the water consumption is about 2,000 mI / s, the flow rate is 63 km / year. In the many-way years, the stock of Amudarya reaches 98 km / year, in low-water reduced to 49 km.nzіn Nukus, the Amu Darya delta, crossed by numerous ducts begins. Her square here comes in 7000 km. Water intake from the river is carried out using numerous channels. The total water intake is rapidly increasing every year. By the beginning of the 80s, the amount of irrevocable water consumption on irrigation throughout the basin of the Amudarya and the water supply to the Karakum canal reached 54 km / year, and the total water fence approached 70 km / year. Filtration losses on the 1st stage of the Karakum Canal, in the 3rd hydraulic area (225 km) amounted to the 1970-1980 interval. 2, 4 cubic meters per year.

The total length of the Karakum canal is now exceeded 1200 km. Channel losses are large: 20% is lost in the channel itself and another 22% in the irrigation network. In general, the influx of water from Amudarya to the Aral Sea was in 1934-1960. 38, 6 km / year, currently 2-4 km / year. They are less and less in Aral. Up to the 60s. The Aral Sea gave up to 450 thousand centners of fishing fish, among which valuable breeds were dominated: Ship, Sudak, Som, Aralski Usach, Sazan and others. According to the catch, their Aral held the first place in the former union. Currently, he completely lost fisheries, and only rusted ships resemble the first majesty of the sea.

Changes in biota in the Aral Sea basin caused by flooding of land under irrigation, covered an area of \u200b\u200b3, 23 million hectares. In the original conditions on the seaside part of the delta plain of the Amu Darya, the average yield of the overhead phytomass of the cane in typical habitats is 187, 6t / ha; In desertified - 37, 6 c / ha and salted habitats - 18, 3 c / ha.

It turns out that there are examples of the presence of ancient buildings on the former day of the Aral Sea and reinforced by archaeologists:

Aral-Asar

Chronology of drying the Aral Sea

Aral-Asar is a settlement or a settlement of the XIV century. Detected at the bottom of the dried plot of the Aral Sea.
The west of the settlement discovered the remains of rice fields. The settlement is dated to the detected coins of the Goldenopa period.

In 2001, not far from the already unexed Island of Barsakelmes, the United Archaeological Expedition of the Institute of Archeology. A. Margulan and Kyzylorda State University. Corkyt-Ata under the leadership of the candidate of historical sciences T. Mamiyev examined a large, well-preserved mausoleum and other fragments of an ancient highly developed settlement, found by residents of the Aral Correne. Nakhodka was located in the depths of 18 - 20 m of the former sea and was sensational.
Then, in 2004, the Archaeological Expedition of the Korkyt-Ata Korkyt-Ata State University under the guidance of Professor A. Aydosov was examined by the second mausoleum.

Finds were assigned by scientists before the period of the XII - XV centuries.

Nakhodka is located 63 kilometers, north, from the village of Karagona and removed 370 kilometers from Kyzylorda. The Karateren settlement, not so long ago standing on the shore of the Aral Sea, now it is 120 kilometers from him.
According to scientists, the township, conditionally named Aral-Asar, covers an area of \u200b\u200b6 hectares. The construction structures of the city today are practically not distinguishable, they are blurred and smoothed by the waters of Aral. But the archaeologists in huge numbers found economic items: millstone millstone, ceramic vessels and their fragments, fragments of iron and bronze products.

Found 14 millstones and a number of premises for storing flour - Khumdanov. Apparently, flourishing production was developed.
There was an irrigation channel 2-2.5 meters wide, passing through the settlement, testifies to the developed irrigation system and that the inhabitants extended water here, apparently from the ducts of the ancient Rollers of Amudarya or Syrdarya for many tens of kilometers.

Approximate coordinates: 46 "02" northern latitude; 60 "25" Eastern longitude.

Tree trunk at the drying day of the Aral Sea. Consequently, the sea is very young formed by catastrophic processes, and which disappeared (dry) is not due to the economic activity of man.
***

On June 19 - 20, 1990, aerial photography was conducted at the level of the large sea about 38 meters ABS., That is, after lowering the level of 15 m. In the pictures made on a scale of 251 m in 1 cm, hundreds of giant figures showing through fine Water and lying on the surrounding sections of the seabed. A variety of figures consisted of single or several parallel lines of an unusual form. The unusual was in too the right, not random form of many of them. And this species imposed on the idea of \u200b\u200btheir artificial origin. Therefore, the figures were given the name "Traces of unknown activities at the bottom of the Aral Sea" or simply "Aral traces". In the pictures, they cover the area of \u200b\u200babout 500 km2, but it seems to continue outside aerial photography. Prior to the beginning of the fall of the sea, the figures were at depths of 10 - 15 m, and from the surface of the sea were not visible.

Different figures have a length of 100 - 200 m to 6 - 8 km, and their width, strictly constant within each figure, varies from 2 to 100 m. Some figures may contain up to several tens of parallel lines resembling ridges long 1 - 2 km.

Under water, the line has the appearance of black stripes with narrow light edging, similar to the dumps of the soil of earth canals, and the Owned on the shore, become whiten, low-contrast. The black color of the lines at some of them when leaving the dried bank testifies to the concave of their relief, similar to the cross section of the channels, and the filing of water. According to indirect features in the pictures and measurements of two figures on the ground, it was found that the lines of figures are furrows with an initial depth of 0.4 - 0.5 m, formed in the sandy-orst soil of the seabed. Light spots on the surface of the water - sun glare. Black lines appealing on their background - convex parts of the furrow in the form of soil dumps towering above the surface of the water.

The age of furrow, if it is expected to evaluate in the pictures to the degree of empty of their contours and, taking into account the relatively low speed of the accumulation of bottom organic precipitation, can be estimated to be estimated within up to several hundred years. And the paintings of the mutual intersection of the furrow (consistently up to four times) are talking about cases of consistent education (conduct) at different times on top of the previously created.

Official explanation of scientists: the sea is not the first time. But I have another version.

On old maps, the Caspian Sea looks differently than now. A huge number of cities was located where the desert is now.

Most likely, just recently happened this event:

The outline of the banks of the Caspiana changed. From the east, it retreated and advanced south. But a huge mass of water remained where the Aral Sea is drying up. Those. All found buildings at the bottom of the Aral Sea were cities and villages in the delta rivers flowing into the ancient Caspian.

There is such an overlay cards:

The western part of the border of the ancient Caspiana and the present roughly coincide. The coincides of the Volga delta. But the eastern outline of the ancient Caspiana goes far beyond the limits of the Aral Sea. It was perhaps a single reservoir. How then could settle the agriculture - it is not clear. Perhaps such an imposition is incorrect. Not on scale. Either really, the level of the Aral Sea fluctuates. And people moved, settled after the outgoing sea.
Another option is that this is a very ancient card with much more ancient outlines of the Caspian.
Sources:
[Click to read]

Here the Aral Sea is another. Although the Caspian is already in modern form.

Clickable. 1723 Joachim Suckes. In the center of the card depicts a compass, therefore North on the map on the left. Caspian is also different. But it is different from the present outlines and from 16B cards.
I do not exclude that the reasons leading to the change in the outlines of the seas of this region were somewhat. All in different degrees of catastrophicity and time duration.

Another assumption that the maps 16B are, where the Caspian has an oval shape (stretched from the west to the East), and not from north to south, as now is the wrong location of the Caspian on the maps. The compilers were redrawn from different sources and did not pay attention to the location of the North:

Here the north is all there, on the left. And this card may have been transferred later as you saw.

Then on this assumption it turns out that the Aral Sea earlier (recently) was not at all. Settlements and finds found at his day are the remnants of ancient cities that are depicted in these maps in many. And the cities really had a lot.
I had several articles about some of the cities and fortresses of this region:

There are several opinions. Official: This is the bottom of the ancient sea. Another, an alternative opinion that it was postponed the salts of the flooding waters in these places. But there are many lowlands, valleys, where such a picture is not observed. Although there should also be water.
My opinion is that this fact is associated with the yield of saline and mineral masses of underground water. And it is in these places in large quantities. I mentioned about the underground oceans. As can be seen on the maps - saline soils and soils are even in the north. I think this is due to the powerful outputs of saline and mineral depth waters on the surface (with underground lakes, seas). It is possible that it was they who fueled and supported the level of the Aral Sea, not the River Syrdarya and Amudarya.

Earrings that were found in the burial among the head of the woman. Dragon biting his tail (Scythian - Sarmatian Fine Tradition).

"At the bottom, covered with white salt, the outlines of the ancient city can be seen, the remnants of mausoleums, necropolias and settlements differ well. Many at first even jokingly said that a lost Atlantis was found in Kazakhstan "

Plan Mausoleum Kerderi at the bottom of Aral. XIV century.

Finds on excavations

Aral Atlantis. On the drying day found the ruins of two cities.

Aral Sea

On the dried day of the Aral Sea, the remains of an ancient cult temple were found. The archaeological expedition left to the place of findings found that the construction belongs to the XI-XIV centuries and is a copy of the Yasavi Mausoleum in Turkestan. The burial of the victims of the warriors was opened nearby, workshops, in which tile tiles, ceramic products were manufactured. According to scientists, the temple belonged to Oguzam and was located in the territory of the ancient city. As one of the participants of the same (2000) expedition believes - Professor Abylai Aidosov, while only a small part of the settlement was found, and the main part is still under water, writes Kazakhstan's Pravda.

Unfortunately, to continue the study of the ancient settlement, the experts could not, the expedition worked only one season, and then the money ended. And here is new, without exaggeration, sensational find. 20 kilometers from the hunter mentioned by the Mausoleum from the village of Karagona found the ruins of another ancient city on the dried day of the sea. According to them, a group of Kyzylorda scholars left the regional center, which three days investigated the remains of the settlement. Conclusions made by them can cause literally confusion among historians and archaeologists.

We know about the existence of Atlantis, unexpectedly left for the seabed. Until now, her searches did not bring results, and many believe that it is only a legend. But, as it turned out, cities like Atlantis were, and one of them was buried by the waves of Aral. Employees of the State University named after Corking-Ata removed the sand layer from the surface of some destroyed buildings and found chaotic the remains of people and pets, which indicates that they died at the same time and that there was no one to bury them. The trouble covered people by surprise, it was not possible to avoid her anyone. On places of excavations, jugs, iron lamps, coins and other household items were also found. Everything remains as it was at the time of the death of the city.

According to Professor, Abyla Aidosov, the reason for this could be water, which unexpectedly surrounded the settlement, and people failed to escape. As you know, the Aral Sea began to be fill again in the XIV century, and it is quite possible, this process proceeded pretty quickly.

Fortress Ak-Kai, XIII century

The famous historian Z. N. Boniatov in one of his works "The state of Khorezmshakhov Anushtiginides" describes the campaign of the troops of Khorezmsha in the Ogzen city of Zhent and Zhankent in the alarm, perfect in the XII century. The army went on the bottom of the dried Aral Sea, and the warriors met several blooming cities. One of them is Robat Togan. It may have been found now and there is the very robot Togan, since, according to the description of the chronicler of Khorezmshaha, the city was obscured by a dam in case of the arrival of water. Traces of dams just found Kyzylorda scientists. Apparently, the water during the flood period came to the city, but then retreat, and the inhabitants erected this construction to avoid flooding. In case of natural disaster, they did product reserves (large vessels found in which grain was kept). They were buried to the ground on a meter depth. However, it seems that the last flood was so stormy and mighty, which covered the city.

Kazakhstan's scientist now introduced a unique opportunity to explore the life and life of our ancestors. After all, it is not abandoned by people and not destroyed by the city conquerors, which all other ancient settlements reached us. Here Water Arala retained, including from looting, everything that ancient people used. But now it is open and is not protected by anyone. And, in our opinion, it should be fear that the fans of the progress will have time to dig in the sand in search of rich burials and gold. Aral Atlantis is the rarest gift for our history, and it would be worth it to organize the arming of the settlement for a while the expedition is organized.

Aral Atlantis. Mausoleum Kerderi.

Women's earrings "Dragon biting their tail" found on the excavations of Mausoleum Kerderi.

"And Returning, I did not forget about poor people.
I understood the needs of disadvantaged people now.
Be next to them, Muslim since you,
Mean the reading Quran and commandments of his prophet "

Hodya Ahmed Yassavi.

Closed the township Aral-Asar necropolis Kerderi.At the same time, the settlement boundary. This is a real "Dead Valley". Before the excavation, it was a floating hill of 1.6 meters high. On the surface of the hill there was a cluster of burnt square bricks, with dimensions of 25 x 25 x 5. Mausoleum oriented in the corners of light and has the form of a rectangle.
The walls of the mausoleum were made of baked bricks. The south-western part of the wall has been preserved to a height of six rows of bricks. The entrance to the mausoleum was in the southwestern part of the structure and was decorated with a portal niche 2 meter wide, a rectangular framing and a container of which was decorated with glazed tiles with vegetable and geometric ornament, epigraphy.
The fragments found here are fragments of decorative rounded bricks make it possible to assume that the archived Arches Niche relied on three-quantities built into the corners of the nical. The mausoleum, which was in the central part of the necropolis, now is a floating hill with a height of less than two meters. But once the walls were lined with a burning brick, and the foundation represented a solid construction of stone slabs. "
Such a massive foundation is notepin for similar buildings Central Asia. Apparently, the ancient urban planners took into account the peculiarities of the soil - unstable and irrevocated. The thickness of the walls is striking - in a narrow place, it is at least a meter. The entrance to the mausoleum decorated the portal, laid out to the glazed tile with gold inscriptions in Arabic.
In the inner guryans - halls divided into two parts, buried both men and women with children. In total, the researchers found seven burial types of Sagan here, and they all belong to the end of the XIV century. The central burial, overlapped by four massive plates turned out to be empty. The exception is the burial located in the northwestern axial niche. The grave pit was covered with a stone.
The burial was robbed. In it, a tribe or other person who has a high status could be buried in it. A lot of questions caused a pair found in the crypt of gold earrings in the form of a head of Barca, biting his tail. Such a subject is completely uncharactertene for people professing Islam. Of course, those who lived here adhered to this religion.
This finding may indicate that in those distant times in Aral-Asara, the generic traditions of shamanism and Tengrianism - a monotheistic religion, the Supreme God, in which Tengri is the strength, which controls the world. " When the excavations of the mausoleum approached the end, scientists found a real treasure, in the southern corner under the floor - a large jug, a height of 40 centimeters with a side handle.
Inside the vessel was highly corrosive metal products with equipment tools (sickles, braids, knives), which were used to handle land. In those distant times, they appreciated no less than gold. Someone from the locals probably in the last days of the city's existence of the city hid it all in Mausoleum, hoping sometime here is still back. However, water Arala Missed the settlement, and the treasure went to archaeologists. Mausoleum dates back to the XIV century.

"Golden man" from Kurgan Issyk-Kul

50 km to the east of Alma-Ata there is a grand mound complex, consisting of 45 earthy pyramids height from 4 to 15 meters. Most of the thieves of thieves plundered in antiquity, but the side tomb of Kurgan Issyk remained untouched until 1969, until Kazakh scientists have begun to study.
Archaeological excavations lasted about a year. Finally, the archaeologist Beken Nurmukhanbetov decided to explore a flat place 10 meters from the central burial. In the tomb, cut down from the age-old Tian-Shan eutle, were discovered the remains of the Saksky leader and more than 4,000 gold jewelry.
The archaeological find entered the story called "Golden Man from Kurgan Issyk". The scientific officer of the expedition, Kemal Akishev, was recognized as the discoverer of the tomb, and Beckn Nurmukhanbetov, who worked at that time only the younger researcher, remained in the shadow of the glory of his mentor. Archaeologists allowed a fatal error without inviting the anthropologist to analyze the remains immediately after their withdrawal. Bones, folded in a separate box, began to quickly collapse. Now it is impossible to carry out genetic examination, since the remains themselves are lost. According to one of the versions, the culprit of the loss is the Anthropologist Omurzak Ismagulov, who took the bone for analysis, but lost them, nomady with his laboratory. To install the floor of the buried is not possible, and to this day, disputes are not clentched about who was the "golden man" - a man or a woman. The head of the excavation Kemal Akishev, examining the frontal bones and jaws, argues that the young man is buried in the tomb of 18-20 years old. According to Akishev, a large lower jaw with a thin jewish joint is typical for a man, but not for a girl. However, the silk cosmetics handbag containing a bronze mirror and a red okhru questioned the version that it was a young man. The sword and the dagger found next to the buried, are found in the graves of Sakian and Sarmatian women who, like Amazons, were fought, riding and shot from Luke.
Suit "Golden Man" and his symbolism

The resulting armor and the funeral outfit allowed scientists to recreate the image of the appearance of the Saksky Tsarevich warrior. Magnificent clothes indicate that the "golden man" occupied the highest stage of the social staircase. Probably he was the descendant of the Saksky leader. Man's head crowned "crown" in the form of a high island turban, decorated with gold plates with a picture of horses, snow leopards, birds and trees with splashing crowns. The imposition of the Golden Crown on Tsarevich builds it into the rank of a sun-like deity and identifies it with the Supreme Priest, the God-warrior. The head of the leader decorates the golden hoop with tips in the form of a tiger head. In the left ear of the "Golden man" wore a gold earring with an ornament of grain and turquoise. Tsarevich is rolled into a thin silk shirt, an intricate pattern made of gold plates. On top of the shirt will wear a caftan, decorated with cast gold plaques with the image of animals and birds. Tsarevich suede pants are refilled in high boots with glued gold plaques in the shape of a trillery. On the right to the wing of the warrior is attached to the sword in the sheath, covered with red skin, and the iron dagger is suspended in the legs with golden linings in the form of a galloping moose and horses. According to both sides of the dagger on the golden plates, the figures of the wolf, fox, mountain ram, lini, foxes, snakes and other animals are carved. In addition, the silver bowl (V c. BC) was found in the tomb of Kuraga (V. BC) with 26 letters that are not deciphered so far. The "Golden Man" script is located in the state repository, and its copy can be seen in the State Museum of Gold in Astana. There is an opinion that the recognition of the "gold man" symbol of Kazakhstan is incorrect from the point of view of Heraldry. As if the isochih headdress of the Saksky Tsarevich symbolizes the key to the afterlife. However, such an interpretation is incorrectly, in fact, three parts of the Ostrich Crown denote the sacred model of the Universe: the Outstanding Underground World, the Thiege Ground World and the Heavenly World, where the Supreme Divine of Tengri is reigning. The upper part of the crown is directed to the sky, personifying Kazakhstan, asked to the future, in which new discoveries in science and technological progress are inevitable.
http://www.putorogi-nn.ru/aziya/72-zolotoi-chelovek.