The highest peaks of South America table. The highest mountains of continents. The highest mountains of Africa
All climbers can agree that the climbing of seven vertices, the highest vertices of each of the world's continents, is one of the highest achievements of their sport; it is more difficult to force them to agree on exactly which tops make up seven vertices. Problem is in geographic classification and perspective. First, the question arises whether Europe is considered to be part of Asia or represents the continent itself. If the concept of Eurasia is like a single continent, there must actually have only six summit meetings. Another question arises in relation to Europe: if we take the Ural as a dividing line between Europe and Asia, whether the highest point in Europe is to be a monblene, which is indisputable entirely in Europe, or Mount Elbrus, which, depending on the interpretation, is hardly able to manage to avoid Classifications as an Asian feature? Then the question arises whether Australia is classified in isolation or includes Oceania. A pair of climbers formulated the two most popular schemes. The sights of the vertices, compiled and selected by the American climber of the wild bass, brings the line in the Australian itself; The list drawn up by the Italian climber Reinehold Messener covers Oceania. Since none of the climbers support the concept of Eurasia and is not concerned about the location of Mount Elbrus, their lists are otherwise identical. Here, then, the seven worlds - or maybe eight - tops.
Africa: Kilimanjaro.
The highest peak in Africa overcomes Kilimanjaro, a volcanic array in the northeast of Tanzania, not far from the Kenyan border. The array extends to approximately east-west to 50 miles (80 km) and consists of three main extinct volcanoes, the youngest and highest of which has a central cone of the Cybo, which rises to 19,340 feet (5,895 meters). The Cybo Summit was first reached in 1889 by German geographer Hans Meyer and Austrian climber Ludwig Purcelle. Kilimanjaro Mountain National Park, created in 1973 to protect the mountain over the line of trees, as well as six forest corridors passing down the slope of the mountain forest belt, was included in the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1987.
Europe: Mount Elbrus
The highest peak of the Caucasus and the highest point of Europe - Mount Elbrus in the south-west of Russia. Created by more than 2.5 million years ago, this extinct volcano has two cones that stretch to heights of 18,510 feet (5642 meters) and 18,356 feet (5595 meters). The high cone was first raised in 1874 by the British expedition headed by the Swiss Guide Peter Knubel. Elbrus is covered with 22 glaciers who feed the Kuban River.
North America: Denali
Denali (also called Mount Macquinley), located in the center of Alaska Ridge in the south of the central part of Alaska, is the highest vertex in North America. It rises sharply by about 18,000 feet (5500 meters) from Denali faults at its base to a higher, more southern of two vertices. The official height rate of Denali was 20,320 feet (6,194 meters) from the beginning of the 1950s until 2015, when the US Geological Service (USGS) restored it to 20,310 feet (6 190 meters) after a thorough revaluation using the modern level of technology. equipment. In 1910, two researchers who called the "Expedition Expedition" were the first climbers who conquered the Northern Peak. On June 7, 1913, Hudson pieces and Harry Carsquence held a party to southern peak, a true summit. Currently, hundreds of climbers are trying to reach the vertices every year.
South America: Mount Akonkagua
Mount Akonkagua, on the Chilean border in the Western central part of Argentina, is the highest point in South America and in the Western Hemisphere, but its exact elevation is discussed from the beginning of the 20th century. In January 2001, a group of scientists using advanced GPS technology (global positioning system) reported that the height is 22,840 feet (6,962 meters), plus or minus 16 feet (5 meters), but neither the Government of Argentina, nor a national geographical society do not recognize this figure; The height of 22,831 ft (6959 meters), established by the Military Geographic Institute of Argentina, remains a generally accepted digit. Mount Akonkagua has two vertices - north and south, connected by the ridge. Just Top was measured at 22,736 feet (6930 meters). The highest northern peak was first reached in 1897 by the Swiss climber Matias Zurbriggen.
Asia: Mount Everest
Mount Everest, the highest mountain in Asia and the world, stands on the crest of the great Himalayas of South Asia, which lies on the border between Nepal and the Tibetan autonomous region of China. Towing the mark of 29 035 feet (8,850 meters), it was first recognized as the highest point on the surface. The lands of the Government review of India in 1852. The main expeditions to Everest began in the 1920s, but only in 1953, Edmund Hillary and Tencing Nugi-Members from the expedition under the auspices of the Royal Geographical Society and the Alpine Club, undoubtedly reached his apogee. The mystery is still surrounding the disappearance in 1924 George Mallory and Andrew Irvina, who may have reached the top to disappearance. Mallory was found at 26,760 feet (8 156 meters) in 1975; Irwin disappeared.
Antarctica: Massif Veson
Discovered in 1935 by the American researcher Lincoln Ellsworth, Massif Winson is the highest mountain in Antarctica. Located in the country ridge of Elsvort Mountains in the western part of the continent, the peak goes to the Ice Shelf Ronn. It rises to a height of 16,050 feet (4,892 meters) above sea level. Winson is named after Karl Vinson, the American Congressman, who performed for the study of Antarctica. The summit was first achieved in 1966 by the American expedition with the support of the American Alpine Club and the National Science Foundation.
Australia: Mount Kosyushko
The highest peak in the Australia itself - Mount Kostyushko, located 240 miles (390 km) south-west of Sydney in the Snow-Mountains of the Australian Alps in the south-east of the new South Wales. Located in Kosyushko National Park, it rises to a height of 7310 feet (2228 meters). Nearby are Mounts Townsend, Twinem, North Ramshead and Carriers, whose height is 7,000 feet (2130 meters). The first European, who has rummaged on the mountain Kosyushko, was the Polish researcher and geologist Paul Stzheletsky, who climbed in 1840 and called the mountain in honor of the Polish Patriot and the Hero of the American Revolution of Tadeusch Kosyushko.
Australia / Oceania: Jaya Peak (Krastenz Mountain)
If a wider network is omitted to turn on the Oceania, the highest mountain - Jaya Peak (also known as Mount Carsten), found in the Sudirman Ridge on the West Central Hill on New Guinea Island. Towering at a height of 16,024 feet (4,884 meters), it is the highest top of the island in the world. The snow field of Jaya Peak was achieved by the Dutch researcher Hendrick A. Lorenz in 1909, but another 53 years passed, before his top rose in 1962 by an expedition headed by Austrian researcher and writer Heinrich Harrer, the author of the book "Seven years in Tibet" ( 1953).
On planet Earth, as is known, 6 continents, each of them has its own highest point. 7 vertices of the world - These are the tops of six continents, from the largest of them Eurasia - two vertices are taken: Europe and Asia.
We offer you a list of seven vertices by increasing the height. The easiest mountains for climbing, which do not require a special climbing of training: Kosyushko and Kilimanjaro.
The program "7 vertices of the world" appeared thanks to the American Dick Basum: In 1981, he, together with Frank Wells, began an ambitious project, deciding to conquer the highest points of the continents. Starting from Mac-Kinley Mountain, Bass conquered all 7 vertices by 1985. Now "club 7 vertices" combines thousands of followers worldwide.
In addition to the seven vertices of the world, there are the highest mountain peaks of planets exceeding 8,000 meters above sea level. In total, there are 14 mountains on Earth - the eight thousands, they are all in Central Asia. In addition to Everest, they include: Chochi, Annapurna, Makalu, Cho-Oyu, Dhaulagiri, Manaslo and others.
To get the "crown of the Earth", that is, to conquer all the available eighties is difficult to even experienced professional climbers, the program "Seven vertices of the world" is more accessible.
7 vertices: list
There are two versions of the "seven vertices of the world" program, duality is associated with the continent of Australia. Her highest point is the peak of Kosyushko, but in New Guinea, formally related to Oceania, there is a higher point - the pyramid of the Carswhene or another mountain Jaya. Based on the fact that Australia and Oceania is one part of the world, the climb should be done on the mountain Jay. Climbers choose the most convenient option for them or two points are conquered at once.
Sometimes there are some discussions about Elbrus: to consider this vertex located in Europe or Asia? Those who adhere to the second version belong to the highest top of Europe Mont Blanc, located in the Western Alps. Thus, excluding Elbrus from the program of 7 vertices of the world, since the highest peak of Asia - Everest (Jomolungma).
Kosyushko
Part of the World: Australia
Mountain system:Australian Alps
2228 meters
First climb:in 1840
First Conquerors:Pavel Edmund Stshhetsky
The lowest of the world seven vertices is Kosyushko Mountain, it rises in the territory of Kosyushko National Park in Australia. Polish traveler Edmund Stshhetsky first made climbing mountain in 1840. He also owns the idea of \u200b\u200bthe title of the vertices: in honor of the National Hero of Poland Tadeusch Kostyshko (1746 - 1817).
Stone pedestal at the peak of Kosyushko Climbing the Kosyushko available to unprepared tourists, this contributes to a small height and convenient trail - it is impossible to get lost here. Walking to Kosyushko can be combined with the second at the height of the vertex of Australia - Townsend (2209 meters).
Jaya or
Part of the World: Australia and Oceania
Mountain system:Maoche
The height of the vertices above sea level: 4884 meters
First climb: 1962
First Conquerors: Austrian climbers B. Khuyzing, R.Kippaks, F.Teple under the leadership of Henry Harrera.
Mount Punchak-Gai either just Jaya (victory), another name - the Pyramid of Carsten, is located on the island of New Guinea in Oceania. Opened was for Europeans Jan Kiston in 1623, for which he received its name.
The Pyramid of Carsten is considered technically sufficiently difficult for climbing, it will take climbing gear. There are two options for climbing Jay's Mountain: a helicopter to the base camp, either on foot through the jungle. The first way is faster and safe.
Part of the World:Antarctica
Mountain system: Elsuert.
Height above sea level: 4892 meters
First Conquerors: A group of 10 American climbers led by Nicholas Klinch
Massif Vison is the highest point of the coldest mainland in the world of Antarctica. Due to the many peaks of about the same height, it was not easy to highlight the vertex. For the first time about the array, as well as about the Ellsuworth mountains, it became known in 1935, when Lincoln Ellsworth saw them from above during the flight. The name is associated with the name of Karl Vyson - American Congressman, on the initiative and with which Antarctica was actively studied.
The first complete climb was performed in December 1966, American climbers under the leadership of N. Clinch. The conquest of the height is complicated primarily weather conditions and territorial remoteness.
Part of the World: Europe
Mountain system: Caucasian Mountains
Height above sea level:5,642 m.
First climb: In 1868, on the eastern vertex, in 1874 to the West.
First Conquerors: Kabardian Killar Khashirov (Eastern Top), British F. Gardiner, F. Grove, Walker and J. Knubel (Western Top)
Mount Elbrus The highest peak of Russia and Europe is located in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia. It has volcanic origin. Elbrus is rightfully considered one of the seven wonders of the world of Russia. Mountain names in different languages \u200b\u200bMany: Gin-Padishah - "King of Mountain Spirits", Oshhamakho - "Mount of Happiness", Minghi-Tau - "Eternal Mountain" and others.
The mountain has two vertices, the highest of them western - 5642 meters, oriental just below - 5621 meters. Elbrus is known for more than 23 glaciers who feed the major Kuban rivers, Baksan and Malka. From the highest point of Elbrus overlooking the Black and Caspian Sea.
The expedition of the Russian Academy of Sciences under the direction of General G. A. Emmanuel first tried to conquer Elbrus in the middle of the XIX century, but climbing only conducted the conductor K. Hashirov.
During the Great Patriotic War, the German Mining and Infantry Division "Edelweiss" under the leadership of Captain Heinz Grota climbing Elbrus. On August 21, 1942, Hitler flags were omnted on August 21, 1942. In February 1943, the fascist flags were lifted by the Red Army and the Soviet twigs were established. Climbing was carried out in conditions of frost and snowfall.
The slopes of the mountain range, but a significant height requires a certain preparation. At the moment, thanks to the developed infrastructure, Elbrus and Elbrus are attracted not only by professional climbers (high-speed skills, extreme lifts), but also lovers of winter sports.
Part of the World: Africa
Mountain system:alternatively standing mountain
The height of the vertices above sea level: 5895 meters
First climb: In 1889
First Conquerors: German Hans Mayer and Austrian Ludwig Purtcheler
On the territory of the pazania, on the border with Kenya, the picturesque mountain Kilimanjaro rises, which is an aslended volcano. Its the highest peak of Wuora is the highest point of Africa, the roof of Africa, as they are often called, is included in the program "7 vertices".
Peak Wuoru. The name "Kilimanjaro" can be translated from the language of local residents as a "sparkling mountain". At the beginning of the 20th century, Kilimanjaro was called the top of Kaizer Wilhelm. Kilimanjaro hat is always covered with glaciers and snow.
Kilimanjaro is suitable for climbing even inexperienced travelers without climbing preparation and gear. The easiest route is Lemosho, its duration is 5-8 days, which makes it smoothly acclimatized and easier to survive the mountain disease. It will take warm clothes and shoes for climbing.
Denali (old name McKornley)
Part of the World: North America
Height verses above sea level:6190 meters
Mountain system:Alaskic ridge
First Conquerors: Hudson Stak
One of the seven of the highest peaks of the world is Mount Denali (Mac-Kinley). Initially referred to the territory of Russia, the name was large. At the end of the XIX century was renamed McKornley (in honor of the American president). The modern name is Denali (which is translated as "Great").
For the first time, the peak tried to conquer at the beginning of the 20th century Dr. Frederick Cook: the unsuccessful rise did not stop the traveler, and after 3 years, the idea was crowned with success. However, the Hudson Stack expedition is considered officially recognized record. In the 21st century, the mountain was conquered by Matvey Shparo (with a group of climbers with disabilities), Kilian Zhorn Burgada (the highest possible lift), Lonni Dupre (single lift). Lifting to Denali is recommended to perform in the summer months.
Mount Akonkagua
Part of the World: South America
Mountain system:Andes
Height above sea level:6960.8 meters
First conqueror: Mattias Tsurbriggen
Akonkagua is the highest point of North and South America, located in Argentina, Aconcagua National Park, the nearest town of Mendoza. The name of Mount Akonkagua is translated as "Snow Mountain", once it was a valid volcano.
Akonkagua feature is a low atmospheric pressure on top, but even unprepared physically people can conquer its northern slope (the rest of the slopes are dangerous due to strong winds and steep climbs). the main
Among record entry can be allocated:
- lifting 87-year-old Scott Lewis;
- the fastest climb among men (about 12 hours) - Karl Eglof, among women (12.5 hours) - Fernanda Masil.
Part of the World: Asia
Mountain system:Himalayas
The height of the vertices above sea level: 8848 meters
First Conquerors: Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Nugi
Mount Everest or Jomolungma is the highest point of the earth. Conquer Everest dreams every climber, but not everyone can do it. In Asia, an absolute record holder in height Everest is the highest point of the planet and the oldest geological formation (60 million years). From the Tibetan name of the Jomolungma Mountain is translated as "Holy Mother of the Universe." Opened in the middle of the XIX century, the top was originally called Peak XV, and then received the name Everest on the name of George Everest Geodesist.
Despite the considerable cost, climbing the mountainside is very popular among climbers. The bad fame of the "cemeteries" of unfortunate vertex conquers (after a mark of 6500 meters, the "death zone" begins) does not frighten the travelers: the corpses of climbers, frozen in the slopes, still serve as guidelines for groups. Obstacles in the form of a strong wind, pressure drops and frost can overcome only experienced athletes.
The mountain was subordinated to the highlights-climbers of Tencintu North and Edmund Hillary (1953). It is on Everest that many records are made, for example, children (13-year-old Jordan Romero) were visited here, the elderly who broke down the ninth dozen (Miuro Jachiro). The record holder in the number of ascents to Everest is Kami Sherpa (24 times since 1994).
Among the women's conquerors, Jomolungma should be remembered by Japanese Janko Tabey (ascent in 1975). She became the first woman in the world who climbed Everest. She is the first of the women who conquered all seven vertices of the world. Lhakp Sherpa is a lack of 9 times at Everest. Indian climbing Malawat Purna - became the most young athlete rising to Everest. At the time of climbing she was 13 years and 11 months.
They differ very much at their height. The most is, which rises 2 kilometers above sea level. This is a consequence of having an ice shield, whose thickness can reach 4,800 meters. However, not in Antarctica is the highest point of the Earth. What mountains can be considered the planet highest on each mainland?
All 100 of the highest mountains are located in Eurasia, and the first top 36 - only in two mountain systems, Himalayas and Karakorum. But the highest point and, and Eurasia, and the whole of our planet is EverestAlso known as Jomolong (27 ° 59'17 "s. sh. 86 ° 55'31" in. d.). It rises 8,848 meters above sea level. People repeatedly tried to conquer him, but it was possible only in 1953 Edmund Hillary and Tenzig Northeum. Since then, this mountain has become almost most popular in world mountaineering. Today, there are even many hours of traffic jams from those who want to rise there. Travel companies will be happy to take on a journey even people with zero climbing experience. However, this is extremely dangerous - every year several people die each year, whose body simply does not cope with severe conditions at the height.
The highest point is Akonkagua (32 ° 39'11 "Yu. Sh. 70 ° 00'44" z. D.). This mountain refers to the Anda system and is located in Argentina, near the border with Chile. Its height is 6960 meters - this is the highest point of the Earth outside Asia. She also has no equal in southern and western hemispheres. For the first time to rise to it managed Mattias Tsurbriggen in 1897.
The highest mountain is called Denali, Although for a long time, until 2015, she wore the name of the US President McKornley. On the map it can be found by coordinates of 63 ° 04'10 "s. sh. and 151 ° 00'26 "s. D., it is located on the territory of Alaska. It is noteworthy that once this top was the highest point of Russia until Alaska entered its composition. Its height reaches 6190 meters. For the first time, a person managed to conquer her in 1913, this was done by a team of 4 people under the leadership of Hudson Stak.
The highest point is Kilimanjaro Volcano(3 ° 04'00 "Yu. Sh. 37 ° 21'33" c. D.), Reaching 5895 meters. It is located in Tanzania. It was conquered in 1889. The top of the mountain is one of the few places in Africa, where the snow can be observed.
The highest point of the highest mainland, Antarctica, is called Peak Vison (78 ° 31'31 "Yu. Sh. And 85 ° 37'01" z. D.). Its height is 4892 meters. Mountain was found only in 1957 during air exploration. The first person rose to Peak Vyson in only 1966, by the time all the other the highest tops of the continents were conquered.
The main peak of Australia is located in the south-east of the mainland Mount Kostyushko. It was opened in 1840, and then Pole Stzheletsky and conquered her. It is interesting that at first he gave such a name another next mountain, which he considered the highest in, but the scientist was mistaken. When the error was discovered, the local authorities changed places the name of two peaks.
Alpinists have a special program that is called "seven vertices". Its goal is to conquer all the highest points of the mainland, as well as Elbrus (5642 meters), which is considered the highest point of Europe. The first person who managed to fulfill her, became Richard Bass, who in 1983 conquered all the vertices except Everest, and in 1985 he defeated and Jomolong.
Better the mountains can only be the mountains - sang Vysotsky and was right. Mountains always manifested man. Brave people, despite the cold, lack of oxygen, dangers and difficulties stubbornly "climbed" to the tops. What are their damno there? Curiosity? Wish to experience yourself? Thirst for glory? The desire to prove to yourself and other excellence? Thirst for knowledge? In the inexplicable traction of people to the mountains it is difficult to find any logic.
Let us recall the cases of the past years when, during the Great Patriotic War, the German Mining and Rifle Division "Edelweiss" with fierce battles broke through to the highest mountain of Europe - Elbrus to establish Nazi flags on its top. Why did Pragmatic Germans need to spend the forces to conquer this top? Is Hitler needed even such evidence of their own greatness?
Mountains are the greatest creation of the mother of nature. They are great, mighty and eternal. These qualities are deprived of representatives of the type Homo Sapience. Lifting up to the sky, they are trying to join the great secret of the universe, and reaching the tops twisted. Against the background of the cold giganic vertices, everything that they still lived seems to be petty and insignificant.
Let's make a virtual journey and rise to the tops of the highest mountains of all continents of the Earth and enjoy fantastic landscapes, opening before the eyes of brave climbers. Maybe we will be able to comprehend the secret of these natural monuments.
The main Caucasian ridge, "under the command" of the mighty Elbrus "cuts through" a dense veil of the clouds (source photo :).
Everest (Asia) - Height: 8848 metersJomolungma) is the highest peak of our planet, part of the Himalayas mountain system. For many climbers, this mountain is the most desirable trophy. But it's not everyone forces to climb this mountain. Therefore, the "climbing" mountainous climbers are sometimes forced to face the adoption of cynical solutions, whether to save disaster or continue the path. Often, the salvation of climbers who endure the disaster at high altitude is simply not possible, since here every step here is given with incredible work. Therefore, on the slopes of the mountains you can find the bodies of dead climbers. With very "unsightly" stories and photos you can familiarize yourself.
Photo on the left: Road to Everest, photo on the right: Basic camp at an altitude of 8300 meters (Photo source :).
Akonkagua (South America) - Height: 6962 meters
- The highest peak of the Andes of the Andes in South America. Aconcagua "part-time" is the highest extinct volcano in the world.
On the photo climbers sizes with ants are moving forward to the top. Above them is a giant whirlwind of snow (source photo :).
Dawn over Akonkagua. The majestic panorama of the Andes appears in all of the case before brave climbers (a photo source :).
Mac-Kinley (North America) - Height: 6194 meters
The peak of Alaska occupies an honorary third place among the highest tops of the continents in our ranking.
Giggle Mac-Kinley on the background of the coniferous forests of Alaska (source photo :).
View from the heights of Mac-Kinley. The tight blanket of the clouds "crawls" to the tops (source photo :).
Kilimanjaro (Africa) - Height: 5895 meters
The highest point of Africa - the mountain is located in the northeast of Tanzania. A very unusual spectacle to see in a sultry African savanna against a snowy vertex. Recently, scientists are alarming, the Kilimanjaro ice hat is rapidly reduced in volumes. Over the past decades, 80% of the ice of this mountain has already melted. As the main culprit of this process, climatologists called.
African elephants on the background of snow vertices Kilimanjaro - a very unusual spectacle (source photo :).
On the way to Kilimanjaro. Landscape fantastic (photo source :).
View of the clouds to the highest point of the African continent (photo source :).
Elbrus (Europe) - Height: 5642 meters
In Russia, too, there is a mountain-record holder - this is the highest peak of Europe. Elbrus is part of the Chief Caucasus Range and is located on the border of the two Russian republics of Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia. In the past (about 50 years of our era), Elbrus was a valid volcano.
Handsome Elbrus (photo source :).
Camp on Elbrus's spurs (photo source :).
Panorama of the mountains, which opens up climbers from the top of Elbrus (Photo source :).
Silent and mysterious edge of the snow and Elbrus clouds (source photo :).
Unusual atmospheric phenomenon. The shadow of the vertices of Elbrus on the morning haze (source photo :).
Beauty Elbrusya. The edge of all seasons. Green alpine meadows and elfrus, covered with snow (source photo :).
At the top of Elbrus - the fantastic world of white snow and clouds (source photo :).
Massif Vinson (Antarctica) - Height: 4892 meters
The coldest mainland of the planet - Antarctica also has its own mountains. The highest of them were discovered relatively recently, at the end of the 50s of the last century. Massif Winson is part of the Elssvort Mountains and is located 1200 kilometers from the southernmost point of the planet.
This looks like Winson's array from space (source photo: