Krasnodar region The highest mountain. Mountains | Western Caucasus | Krasnodar Territory | Republic of Adygea. Mount Tsakhvo - the highest point of the Krasnodar Territory
Extensive part Krasnodar Region - This is mountainous terrain. Moreover, as the altitude of the mountains approaches the Caucasus approached. Thanks to the high-dimensional explanation in the region, you can see many different natural climatic zones on a relatively small area.
European deciduous and mixed forests are moving to mountain conifers, then the zone of alpine meadows begins (scientific name), and at the top, in the highest peaks whites snow caps. Such a variety cannot but attract people lovers in the mountains. Here there are routes for people with a variety of preferences and level of training. Climbing lovers, hiking hiking, speleology, cycling and horse rides will find here what they like. We will tell you more about the most famous and visited mountains of the region.
Located on the southern foremost to the east of the Red Polyana, as part of Sochi national Park. It consists of 4 vertices - peaks 1, 2, 3 and black pyramid. 3 peaks have the highest mark - 2462 m. The northern exposition of the array is quite interesting for skiers and snowboarders, why there are those who are famous after the Olympics sports facilities "Alpika-Service", "Mountain Carousel" and "Rose Khutor". The relief here is complicated by the deepening of glacial origin. The black pyramid because of his cunning structure is popular with mountaineer lovers.
This attraction is already on the coast - on the Taman Peninsula, between Akhtaniz and Starotitarian Limans. From the East there is a Cossack jerik - a man-made canal built by the Cossacks to enter the sea. It can be said that this place grows out of water stroit. In ancient times, all the surrounding areas were covered with water and the hill was the only island of the Earth to the entire district, why and was used as a place of trading - hence the name.
This is a slight elevation (only 76 meters and 1.5 km in diameter). The uniqueness of the hill in the species composition unusual for this natural zone, most of which is relic. The entire piping hill is low deciduous forest and shrub. Curly oak, grazing elm and Tatar maple grow here. Visitors can make a dog hips and hawthorn. Bright green forest contrasts sharply with the surrounding dry landscapes of the peninsula.
Tourists can visit this natural monument of regional importance, wander through the forest and ride a boat along the Cossack Erika.
This is one of the mountains of the western part of the Chief Caucasus Range. There are several translation named after Oshten, such as: "Eternal Snow" or "Eternal Winter", "Where Grad stuck." It is believed that the name came from local languages, where Oshhdon means "Water Mountain". In any case, the name is associated with the snow it is not by chance: on top you can easily see proteins. In the direction upstairs, the vegetation is familiar in this area and is replaced by the Alpine Different Zone. This is a rare place where you can see such a species diversity. To the top of the mountain, the routes of climbing the categories of complexity 1B and 2B are conducted. It cannot be said that Oshten is often visited by crowds of tourists, so the rest will not be spoiled by a noisy crowd and the mountains of garbage.
Mountain massif Papay
Located in the territory of the Abinsky and Seversky districts. The height is almost 819 m. The etymology of the title, presumably meaning 7 noses, since the array includes seven major vertices: Western, central, north, chief and eastern papay and two Unnamed. This array is known for its sharp cliffs attracting their severity of crowds of tourists. This is essentially the border of the Grand Caucasus in the West. Here they take their beginning of the river killed, dad and a big hubble. On the massif, very rich herbal ecotops. Many species characteristic of the Mediterranean region grows here. Oak communities prevail. Closer to the tops dominate the bushes of juniper. There is a real botanical paradise: you can find a lot of healing and rare herbs. Many species are listed in the Red Book.
Mountain array of pseashho
Located next to the village of Krasnaya Polyana. The name "Pseashho" means in the language of Adygei "Multiple Mountain" - there really have several rivers and streams, originating in local glaciers. These are quite large and beautiful mountains. There are 9 vertices in excess of 3 km. These are the vertices: Mount Nordic Pseashho - 3256.9 m, Mount South Pseashho - 3251.5 m, peak sugar pseashho - 3187 m, Peak Kozhevnikov - 3072 m and others. In this place they take their beginning of the river Urushten and Small Laba.
The terrain is replete with glaciers. From the south-east exposition lies the huge Glacier of the Pseashho - the largest in the Krasnodar Territory. Its length is 3.1 km, and width is 1.8 km. The river is born here. The final area of \u200b\u200bthe coating of the glacier is 5.5? Km? ^ 2. To the north and west you can see 4 glaciers smaller. The largest of which is marble. In the northern part of the mountain range is the Cold Glacier, which takes the beginning of the stream. Over the past decades, the area of \u200b\u200bglaciers is reduced.
Top Mountain Pshada
To get here, you need to go through 13 kilometers southeast from the village of Kills. This mountain is the watershed of the sources of the river killed. Height - 743 meters. The peak is a complex cliff cliff covered with dense forest. Experts believe that the name comes from the Abkhaz-Abazinsky word "apshad" - "windless" or "hung fog".
Mountain photos can meet in the collection of many tourists - here are very picturesque views of breed and waterfalls.
The highest mountain in the Krasnodar Territory with a height of 3345.9 m. It is part of the Herzen Range. This place is its beauty and fascination of ascent, attracts tourists from all over the country. Travelers can see here a huge glacier from the northern slope. Despite the fact that lately Glaciers melt, this one retained his majestic look.
The territory of the Krasnodar Territory is huge, is over 760 thousand square kilometers, which is much more separately taken european countrieslike Belgium, Armenia, Israel, Switzerland, Holland, Denmark and so on. The mountains account for twenty-nine percent of the Kuban Earth, and if in a specific figure, then two hundred twenty with more square kilometers. Recall also - the length of the boundaries of the edge exceeds 1540 kilometers, of which the sea (in Kuban have two seas - black and Azov) accounted for 740 with kilometers. The length of the mountains, for example, Black Sea coastFrom Anapa to our southeastern borders exceeds three hundred kilometers.
Originally Samoa high vertex Krasnodar Mountains were considered Peak Smidovich (Akaragvart) - 3457 meters above sea level. After painstaking clarifications came to the conclusion - the height is exaggerated and actually amounts to 3140 with small meters. Picture of the Peak Sudedovich Championship gave way to the top of Tsakhvoa - 3345, 9 meters, located in the bridge district of the famous Caucasian State Natural Biosphere Reserve. This is despite the fact that Elbrus (5642 m) at the borders of Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia is the highest peak of all Russia and Europe. In all Mine, there are thousands of climbers, burning in an indomitable desire to conquer her, many lucky people managed to do it.
-
The farther along the coast, the higher
Following Anapa along the Black Sea coast, others are cozy and others resort cities - Novorossiysk, Gelendzhik, Tuapse, Sochi, and all of them at the foot of the Great Caucasian Mountains, creating a unique microclimate from the Mediterranean to subtropical. The sun Sveti a year to 280 days and generously giving holidaymakers vitamin "D", the sea never freezes, and even in winter, the air temperature is on average in the range of 10-12 degrees, and in Sochi and even above, it happens in 15.
The Hero City of Novorossiysk at the Black Sea from the evil winds from the north protects the Marcoth Range. Although, I must say, bad weather gets here in the form of bours, fierce impulses that permeate all the lives through. The highest mountain of the Marcoth Range is a sugar head (558 m above sea level), the ridge itself continues at fifty kilometers aside Gelendzhik. Just below the sugar head of the Mount Koldun (447 m). Between Novorossiysk and Gelendzhik there is a wonderful place to relax. Rather, there are two of them - one by the sea, another in the mountains known as Abrau-Durso. The fact that the sea is Durso, in the mountains - Abrau with a healing lake with the same name. The height of the mountains is not large - from 130 meters above sea level. But the unique place For growing solar berries - grapes. Its whole plantation here. And behind the champagne "Abrau-Durso", other sparkling wines come here from many places in Kuban. The plant is built on the basis of the former royal estate. Who indicates the date - 1870. Who else is before or later. But the wines were made back in the fifth century, specifically in ancient Greek city Bat in the vicinity of the current cement bay.
And the Mountains of the Krasnodar Territory and their business potato Fisht are dozens of amazing waterfalls, caves stretching under the Earth for hundreds of meters, among them and Karst - Fanagori, Large Asian, Vorontsovskaya with always surrounding the fancy of their forms of stalactites, stalagmites. Above the snow line, we rises the peak of not only the Mountain Fisht, but also Chugushch, Pseashho, Atheist, Magisho. Rich vegetable world Big Caucasus. At an altitude of 600-700 meters above sea level, a widely deciduous forest; in the medium-sized belt in 700-800 meters beech and other forests; 1300-1900 meters - birch, spruce, fir, and after this zone, the alpine meadows, herbs and flowers are simply not counting. Animal world Mountains - theme for a separate conversation.
As you know, Kuban borders in the north with Rostov region, in the east - with Stavropol Territory, in the south, with Abkhazia, Adygea, Circassia and Georgia. Big Caucasus is a kind of border between Europe and Asia. Her mountains have a two-way direction - from the North-West to the southeast. And from the south to the north. The first direction is the main Caucasian ridge from the lowering of the Kuban River to the Absheron Peninsula. The second goes to the Kuban Plain. Before the mountain is not high - in five hundred and above meters, hills. There are so-called side mountains - black mountains. In our mountains, according to some data, 64 glaciers with an area of \u200b\u200b18.8 square kilometers. Of these, 5 square kilometers occupy the Glaciers of the Mountain Arrays of Pseashho. It is famous for the Ice Card Lake Cases 165 meters long, 72.5 meters wide and a depth of 0.2 - 0.8 meters in the form of a crescent at an altitude of 1938 meters above sea level. It is located north of Fisht - Oshtensky Pass at the bottom of the Ice Circus in the upper reaches of the river Cisce. The area of \u200b\u200bthe lake mirror is more than nine thousand square meters. It should be noted that the glaciers feed the rivers of the edge, including Kuban.
Many, probably, remember the lines from the famous song of Vladimir Vysotsky "Farewell to the Mountains": "So leave unnecessary disputes, I have already proven everything - better Gor. There may be only mountains on which I have not had not yet been. "If you have not visited us - in the heart of the Great Caucasian Mountains, in the Red Polyana or the majestic environs of the Kubani Cuban brand, on other vertices of the edge, come here without fail: Mountains Kuban will conquer your hearts and souls to your dazzling - fantastic beauty! And at any time of the year, the arrival of your here will add health, the energy of the cheerful mood. After all, and the summer time you are waiting for a variety of rides, including extreme (jeepping, rapid alloy by rivers, the same gigantic swings and other other exciting spirit time transfection), and in winter, descents one by one, in the company of friends and comrades on skis, sledding, snowboarding, and no Switzerland, you do not need any Alps - all Russian, native Safe!
The Great Caucasian Mountains near the Black Sea coast gave shelter the most famous resorts South of Russia. And they begin from widely known both in our family and in the near and far abroad, health resort for family and children's holiday and the treatment of Anapa.
SAMI high mountain Gelendzhik Thab - 905 meters above sea level. There are hills and lower, the most popular among them - the Marcoth Range - just over 600 m. Around it in Gelendzhik and boils life.
Krasnodar region Geographically located in the southwestern part of the North Caucasus. The territory of the edge is divided into two sharply different parts. The northern plain part is a bonus lowland. The southern part is formed by various ridges of the Western Caucasus, adjacent to their previations and a narrow ribbon of the Black Sea coast. Two thirds of the edge through the territory belong to the plain regions, one third - to the mountain.
The highest point of the Krasnodar Territory is Mount Tsakhvo (3346 m), located in the Mosty district in the Caucasus State Natural Biosphere Reserve.
Encyclopedic YouTube.
1 / 1
✪ Healthy vacation in the mountains of the Krasnodar Territory - 2015
Subtitles
Geography
The Mountains of the Krasnodar Territory begins the hills in the area of \u200b\u200bthe city of Anapa and, extending in the southeast to the borders of the Stavropol Territory and Abkhazia, 340 km, in the area of \u200b\u200bthe city of Sochi reach the height of more than 3000 m above sea level. Up to a height of 600-700 m above sea level covered with a mixed wide forest, bead forests predominate (700-800 m), fir, spruce, birch and beer crumpled grow at an altitude of 900-1900 meters, and the Alpine Alpine meadow
The mountains of the Krasnodar Territory, as well as the Caucasian Mountains in general, enter the Alpine-Himalayan or Mediterranean Folded Belt system and therefore are subject to constant tectonic motion. The central axial part of the Caucasian mountains is composed of ancient rock (granites, gneis, crystalline slates, quartz diors). Their age reaches 700 million years. The northern slopes of the Caucasian ridge are more commonly compared to the coolest southern slopes. Northern and southern slopes are folded with younger rocks, among which limestone, dolomites, sandstones, Mergeli Mesozoic and Cenozoic period are found in large numbers. High-rise mountain marks increase gradually from the North-West to the south-east. In the area of \u200b\u200bNovorossiysk, the marks reaches 300 - 700 m above sea level. Tuapse - 1000 - 1500 m, east of Sochi - from 2000 to 3000 m and above. Well known to those mountain peakslike Fisht (2868 m), Oshten (2804 m), Akaragvart (3190.4 m), Northern Pseashho (3256.9 m), Chugushch (3237.8 m). The highest peak of the Krasnodar Territory is Tsakhvoa (3345.9 m), which is in the side ridge of Herzen and in the interfluve of the Unimensional rivers, Small Laba and Tsakhvo.
Mountain ridges Within the Krasnodar Territory are located mainly in parallel, closer to the latitudinal direction. In the eastern part of the mountains there are exceptions: the ridges of Urushten, aspid, hezen, which are located in the meridian direction. Sometimes there is a radial location of the ridges with the mountain node in the middle: the ridges of Agoy, the oppressive, Chura). The western portion of the Greater Caucasus on the territory of the Krasnodar Territory consists of a number of waterproof ridges. In the area of \u200b\u200bNovorossiysk, there is a Range Marcoth, followed by Kotschur and Mount Papay. In the area of \u200b\u200bSochi, the main Caucasian, or water-seated, ridge with heights from 400 m to 3345.9 m (Tzakhvo Top) extends in the Sochi Mountain. North of the main ridge is the side ridge. Its heights from 430 m in the Pool of the Adagum River to 3214 m in the basin of the River Laba River. The north of the side is located an advanced ridge with a maximum point of 2368 m (large Thach mountain). Another norther from the advanced ridge is distinguished by the zone of asymmetric, half-clone kousty ridges. The most significant of them is rocky, pasture and wooded.
Along all the southern slopes of the Mountains of the Krasnodar Territory, from Anapa to the border with Abkhazia, passing along the PSOU River, the coastal strip stretches - the Black Sea coast. Its length is about 400 km. The coast is cut by deep gorges of rivers flowing into the Black Sea. Often they are called "gaps" (Mamedov Glock, Katkova Glock, etc.). These deep gorges ("gaps") have the appearance of canyons. Interestingly and widely known the Gorge of AHCU, which is a three-kilometer canyon, formed by the Mzymt River in the area of \u200b\u200bintersection by Her Range Ahtsi. The width of the gorge is 30 m along the bottom, and the height of the side walls reaches 800 m.
Mountain relief of the Krasnodar Territory form internal and external processes. There are such phenomena such as earthquakes, volcanic activities, slow oscillations of sushi. Since the Krasnodar region is located in the zone adjacent to the Caucasian Mountains, it refers to the number of seismic areas. The power of underground jolts can reach 8 points on the Richter scale. According to scientists, in the northern part of the region, the force of the jolts - 6 points, and in southern - up to 7-8 points. In 1978 and in 2002, an earthquake of 4 to 5 points was observed in Krasnodar. Due to the movement of the earth's crust, various form of relief is formed: raising, depressions, faults, ridges-Cools (rocky ridge), Highlands (Lagonakian Highlands), Gorge, Canyons, Giant Rips, closed basins. Some mestes (small and large utristers) were formed as a result of shifting and slaughtering down the huge sections of mountain ranges. As a result of tectonic movements, Abrau Lake was formed. The most interesting forms associated with the movements of the earth's crust are mud volcanoes. Slow oscillations of the earth's crust lead to lowering and raising sushi. So, according to scientists, the mountains of the Grand Caucasus are growing at 2 - 3 mm per year, and in the Delta of the Kuban River, the coast Azov Sea, Sushi lowering is observed.
The resulting influence of the internal forces of the Earth, mountain Relief The Krasnodar Territory is exposed to various types of wind and aquatic erosion, while forming new forms. For example, with the process of the destruction of rock water, the formation of an arms-beam relief, picturesque gorges, such as the Gum's gorge, bizarre relief forms, such as Kiselev's rocks, is associated with water. In the formation of the mountain relief of the Krasnodar Territory, glaciers play their role, which form moraine, housing valleys, mountain circus, mountain lakes. For foothill areas of the region, a landslide relief is characterized, which causes significant damage. economic activity. As a result of a slow (in other cases - fast) sliding surface layers of rocks, transport routes, banks, rivers, construction on the slopes of the mountains can collapse. To combat landslides use strengthening structures. Geological structure, mountain relief of the edge, climatic conditions The reason for such as villages, avalanche.
In the Absheron district there is one of the most beautiful seats Western Caucasus, on a plot between the villages of Mesmai and Gummka, on the northern outskirts of the Lagonaka Plateau, Guam Canyon. The length of the gorge along the River Kurdzhips is 3 km, the height of the walls is 400 m, and the width is narrowed to 2 m.
Specially protected objects are related karst caves: Fanagori, Large Asian, Vorontsovskaya (part of the Vorontsovskaya cave system). The length of a large Asian cave is 635 meters with fantastically jams of stalactites and stalagmites in South-part of the Asian Tau Range. The beautiful works of nature are hibiussian waterfalls on the Teshebs River, Pshad Waterfalls, Agur, "33 Waterfalls" in the Shah River Valley.
Caucasian Reserve
In the mountains of the Krasnodar Territory there are many natural objects under the protection of the state. One of the first in the country in 1924, the Caucasian State Natural Biosphere Reserve was created. It is most interesting in a botanical and zoological relationship. Flora Reserve has 30 thousand species, many among them relics. More than 70 species of mammals, 241 species of birds, 19 species of reptiles, 10 types of amphibians live in the Caucasus Reserve. It should be noted that 32 rare species of vertebrate animals are entered into the Red Book of Russia. In recent decades, the bison population is on the verge of extinction.
Sochi National Park
On the Black Sea is the resort neighborhoods of the city of Sochi. Among them, the microdistrict Dagomys of the city of Sochi, which is not only the most comfortable destination of the Caucasus, but also known as the center mountain tourism. Mountain trails are diverged by the fan. They lead to the picturesque places of the Sochi National Park and the Caucasian Reserve. Sochi national Park was created in 1986. Its area is 191.4 thousand hectares. It is located on its territory a unique Mountain-grade resort of Krasnaya Polyana, which is widely popular in Russia and abroad.
(2804 meters), Rats Stone Sea, Naked-Chuk (2467 m).
On the mountains Fisht and Pzemo-Su are the most Western Glaciers of the Caucasus. The largest of them descends from the northern slope of Mount Fisht. Its area reaches about one square kilometer. Near glaciers, there are many sea sediments, rounded boulders, as well as basins, funnels, wells, mines and caves, a lot of small karst and glacially-karst lakes, the largest of which are the psens. Lakes of the psens has the shape of the crescent. Its length is about 165 meters, width is 72.5 meters. Depth 0.2-0.8 m.
About 540 species of plants grows on the slopes of the massif, 120 of them are characteristic only for the Caucasus regions.
From the village of Babuk-Aul, located at an altitude of 640 meters above sea level and north of Solokhaul, two trails begin: one, moving to the north, gaining a height of 1,200 meters, passes the forest and in the meadows leads to Lake Huko. Lake Khuko is on the crest of the main Caucasian ridge, five kilometers west of the Circassian pass, six kilometers from the Fisht Mountain at an altitude of 1744 m. Along its shores, even in the summer there is snow. Two kilometers east of the lake is Mount Huko. Its height reaches 1901 meters. Another path from Babuk-Aul leads to the mountains to the northeast.
Caucasian Reserve
The nature of the Krasnodar Territory is especially beautiful. Climate from moderate continental to subtropical. The Krasnodar edge is washed by two seas: black and Azov. Mountain areas Krasnodar Territory occupy about 20% of the entire territory. The Caucasus Mountains begin with hills in the area of \u200b\u200bAnapa and in the southeast direction in the city of Sochi reach a height of 2868 m above sea level. To a height of 600-700 m above the sea level covered with mixed wide forest, the middle house belt (700-800 m) is saturated with beech forests, and berethous and beerose taking place at an altitude of 1300-1900 meters. crighter Fir, fir, and the Alpine meadows can be found above.
The highest point of the Krasnodar Territory - Mount Tsakhvo (3346 m), located in Mostovsky district On the territory of the Caucasus State Natural Biosphere Reserve.
In the mountains of the Krasnodar Territory there are many natural objects under the protection of the state. One of the first in the country in 1924 was created Caucasian State Natural Biosphere Reserve . It is most interesting in a botanical and zoological relationship. Flora Reserve has 30 thousand species, many among them relics. More than 70 species of mammals, 241 species of birds, 19 species of reptiles, 10 types of amphibians live in the Caucasus Reserve. It should be noted that 32 rare species of vertebrate animals are entered into the Red Book of Russia. In recent decades, the bison population is on the verge of extinction.
Sochi National Park
On the Black Sea is the resort neighborhoods of the city of Sochi. Among them, the microdistrict Dagomys of the city of Sochi, which is not only the most comfortable destination of the Caucasus, but also known as the center of mountain tourism. Mountain trails are diverged by the fan. They lead to the picturesque places of the Sochi National Park and the Caucasian Reserve. Sochi National Park was created in 1986. Its area is 191.4 thousand hectares. On its territory there is a unique albalimatic resort Krasnaya Polyana which is widely popular in Russia and abroad.
In the Absheron district there is one of the most beautiful places West Caucasus , on the plot between the villages Mesmai and Guamca , on the northern outskirts of the plateau Lagonaki , GUAM CANON. The length of the gorge along the River Kurdzhips is 3 km, the height of the walls is 400 m, and the width is narrowed to 2 m.
Karst caves include specially protected objects: Fanagori, Bigzish, Vorontsovskaya (part of Vorontsovskaya cave system). The length of a large Asian cave is 635 meters with fantastically jams of stalactites and stalagmites in South-part of the Asian Tau Range. The beautiful works of nature are hibiussian waterfalls on the Teshebs River, Pshad Waterfalls, Agur, "33 Waterfalls" in the Shah River Valley.
Mineral springs of the valleys of the Matsesta rivers, acugh and host flowing throughout the territory of Sochi helped the city to work out as balneological and climatic resort. Glory about "happy springs" thundered, and they were flowning from around the world. It is these healing waters to create a set of sanatoriums in the city of Sochi.
Mountain Massif Fistt
Fisht Group, Mountain Array in Western Part Chief Caucasian Ranconta . It is formed by three vertices: Fisht (2853.9 meters), pchaho-su (2743 meters), Oshten (2804 meters), Rats Stone Sea, Naked-Chuk (2467 m).
On the mountains Fisht And Pzhoho-Su is the most Western glaciers of the Caucasus. The largest of them descends from the northern slope of Mount Fisht. Its area reaches about one square kilometer. Near glaciers, there are many sea sediments, rounded boulders, as well as basins, funnels, wells, mines and caves, a lot of small karst and glacially-karst lakes, the largest of which are the psens. Lakes of the psens has the shape of the crescent. Its length is about 165 meters, width is 72.5 meters. Depth 0.2-0.8 m.
About 540 species of plants grows on the slopes of the massif, 120 of them are characteristic only for the Caucasus regions.
From the village of Babuk-Aul, located at an altitude of 640 meters above sea level and north of Solokhaul, two trails begin: one, moving to the north, gaining a height of 1,200 meters, passes the forest and in the meadows leads to Lake Huko. Lake Khuko is on the crest of the main Caucasian ridge, five kilometers west of the Circassian pass, six kilometers from the Fisht Mountain at an altitude of 1744 m. Along its shores, even in the summer there is snow. Two kilometers east of the lake is Mount Huko. Its height reaches 1901 meters. Another path from Babuk-Aul leads to the mountains to the northeast.
Pass Guseryipl is located between the Mountain Array Oshten And Guseripl Mountain at an altitude of about 2,000 meters above sea level. He binds the upper left tributaries of the White River - rivers Muddy Wood and Armenian. Alpine meadows spread out in the vicinity of the pass. From here a magnificent panorama opens Caucasian Mountains: Range Stone Sea, Fisht Mountains, Oshten and others.