The longest ridge. Andes: the longest mountain chain in the world. The longest mountains in the world

In fact, we will discuss at all about one grief, but about the whole mining system called Andes (Andiy Cordillera). The length of this system is as much as 9000 km, the width is 750 km, and the height in the highest point is 6962 m. It is located in South America, penetrating almost all the mainland from the north to west through seven states.

According to data that were received by scientists, the beginning of the formation of the Andes belongs to the Jurassic period, which began approximately 200 million years ago. Moreover, we are talking exclusively about the beginning of the formation, as many defamations, arrays, etc. were formed significantly later. Moreover, the process of trade of Andes is still going on.

The mountain system is rich in such non-ferrous metals, like lead, molybdenum, vanadium, tungsten, etc. In the field of Chile there are large deposits of copper, near Argentina and Venezuela in the deflection of gas and oil are hidden, and Bolivia is rich in iron.

Since the Andes are stretched almost to all the mainland, both soil and vegetation covers are extremely diverse. So, here you can meet such plants like palm trees, ficuses, bananas, evergreen shrubs, cacti, lichens, etc. In a word, we are talking almost about any plants that are only growing in South America.

As for the animal world, the mammals in the mountain system are about 600 species, just over 1500 species of birds, 400 fish and almost a thousand species of amphibians, which is an incredible big figure (in our country, for example, amphibians there are only 28 species). Some of the birds and animals are on the verge of extinction, including because of poaching, some have already been extinct. However, there is another problem - the contamination of the atmosphere. But about it - just below.

Definitely mining system He has a number environmental problems. So, since agriculture next to the passing Andes is well developed, then various chemicals are constantly falling into the soil, and somewhere there is desertification due to reissue of livestock. Fortunately, such situations occur infrequently. Environment Also contaminated due to various plants in close proximity to Andam. Another important problem is that the cutting down of wet rainforests for landing on the liberated areas of rubber glasses and coffee trees, which support the economies of states.

By the way, about agriculture. Most here is the cultivation of coffee, barley, bananas and potatoes. At large altitudes, corn, wheat and movies are grown (annual grain culture, which is eating the local Indian community), cocoa, sugar cane, tropical fruits are growing well on moisture slopes. Plants imported from european countries, including some citrus, olives and grapes.

Livestock is well developed, but its main direction is sheep. Indians breed Lam. Fisheries developed weakly.

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The title of the longest mountains deserved mountains called ANDES (America). These mountains stretch already at 9,000 kilometers. Such a length of this mining system also affects its characteristics, in each of its own part, and three of them: northern part, Central and South - Andes have their own natural features (climate, vegetation, animal world). And due to its unprecedented mountain length, the territories of seven countries are captured. This is Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Chile and Argentina - all these countries are located in South America.

I propose to evaluate the beauty of these mountains in the photo below (a little read about them, good and see):





The longest mountains in the world, which are located in the seven states of South America Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Chile and Argentina are mountains Andes (their length is 9000 km).

Due to climate differences and large heights, there are very diverse soil and vegetable cover in these mountains (wood-cocoa and Antarctic beech grow here) and the animal world (you can see a monkey and Chilean deer).

If we talk about the longest mountains on land, then this is really Andes. But if you answer for the whole world, then the most long mountains on Earth is the mid-Atlantic ridge. Its length is more than 18 thousand kilometers. Even if you share it on the southern and northern parts, then the lengths of the southern - 10.5 thousand kilometers will exceed the length of the Andes.

If we are talking about the length, it is worth answering that the largest length has such a mountain system as Andes. The length of these mountains is approximately as much as nine thousand kilometers, which is very impressive. But as for the width, the sizes on average are 750 kilometers.

I remember from the lessons of geography, that the longest mountains in the world are Andes. They stretch 9,000 km. Take the beginning of W. Caribbean And draw up to the fiery land. Moreover, these mountains are still a watershed. After all, it is there that the Amazon River originates.

Perhaps, really, the longest mountains in the world are Andes. Fascinating beautiful mountain landscapes, from which it is impossible to break away. The long mountain is about 9 thousand km, they stretch through 7 states of South America.



• The longest mountains in the world

  The longest mountains in the world is the mountain system Andes. There are Andes in South America. The length of the specified mountain system is 9 thousand kilometers, and the width is about 750 kilometers. Andes are stretched almost into all the mainland. The formation of them began about 200 million years ago, and the process of the skill occurs at the present time.

The most extended mountains in the world can be necessary, no doubt call And. This mountain chain Performs the territory, seven countries of the South American continent, has a length of about 9,000 kilometers. Andes are new mountains, despite the fact that they have completed their formation several million years ago.

The longest mountains in the world are of course the Andes that are in America. Their overall is more than nine thousand kilometers, whose width reaches more than five thousand kilometers.

The duration of this rocky terrain itself will be bonded by seven different states, it is:

Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela, Peru, Chile, Argentina and Bolivia, are all located in South America.



In the quot nomination; the longest mountains all over the world quality; The only owner of this title is wins - American Mountains Andes. Their length, nor a lot, is more than nine thousand kilometers. In places these mountains reach more than 5,000 kilometers wide.

Such lengthy mountain terrain It covered and united in itself the territory of several countries, the slope of the mountains has its climate and their own nature. Beauty Of course, an indescribable and rich animal world make these mountains in the property of all mankind.

Of course, it is possible to talk about it for a long time, but it is better to see (although not alive) everything yourself. More detailed information You can read.

One mountain is wonderful, but even better if the mountains are much. Especially pleased with the eye when they are combined into a long ridge, in which peaks alternate with valleys, small spurs, and all this is diluted by the murmur of rivers. Such beauty stretching several thousand kilometers, no one will leave indifferent. The emergence of mountain ranges explains the theory of the formation of the relief. She says: The ridges of the valleys, the mountains and hills are formed due to the collision of the continental plates passing along to each other. It is difficult to imagine the forces that are necessary for such a process. Yes, it is not necessary. It is better to admire the result of their activities. Especially if these are the longest mountains in the world. Let's make their rating and find out the location.

Cordillera

To begin with, I want to clarify one important moment. Many many confuse these mountains with Andami, although these are two absolutely different chains formed in different epochs. Some are called Andy Cordillera Andes, but they have no relation to these mountains. Also confusion arises and about their location. Cordillera "hug" North America from the south and west, creating a dense climatic barrier. For the same role they play Andes. Interestingly, the data of the mountains are practically conducive to the connection site of 2 Americas. Therefore, they are often combined into a single mountain range, which is fundamentally incorrect. It will correct not to confuse these giants and leave Cordillera North America, and Andes - South.

So, Cordillera is the longest mountain in the world, a slightly over 18,000 kilometers. They differ from their "colleagues" a number of features. Cordillers are elongated exclusively in the submeridional direction, have a high percentage of highly, formed in five orotectonic belts of different ages, have active volcanism and high seismicity.

Sea Mountains

Do not everyone know that the mountains can be not only on the ground, but also under water. Unfortunately, most of them are hidden from the eyes of hiking travelers. Yes, they are interesting to a little, because on such mountains they do not ride skiing. Well, the conquest of the vertices will look pretty ridiculous. But underwater chains are not inferior in the amount of above ground. The height of the underwater giants is difficult to determine, but the length will be measured easy.

So, the second place of the rating "The Long Mountain in the World" at the Mid-Atlantic Range with a total length of 18,000 kilometers. It is located in the center along the contour of the American coast. This formation includes several ridges: Knipovich, Mona, Reykjanes, South and North Atlantic. Separate peaks were transformed into Bermuda, etc.). Among the ridges listed above are not particularly high, old or young, it's just the longest mountains on the ground after Cordiller, which is also a lot. Go ahead.

Andes

Andes are the third longest mountain in the world, a total length of 9000 kilometers. With her wide front, the Andes are aimed at and in the north they go to the Caribbean Sea. The eastern part of the border leads to the Andiy Range. By the way, the multi-year ridges are located along the entire length of the mountain system. Slap-forming movements continue and now, accompanied by earthquakes and volcanic processes.

For the Andes are characterized by a high-root relief, which determines the noticeable high-rise lower explanation and formation of a significant glaciation. The huge length of the mining system causes the difference in moisturizing and the heat supply of its individual parts. Despite the fact that the subcontinent is of a mountain character, its territory has long been thickly populated. Andiy peoples have mastered high plains, intermountain valleys and basins within the mining system and adapted to life in such conditions. The Andes are the most high mountain villages, cities and processed lands. Within the mountains there are six physical and geographical units. But in this article we will tell only about two: central Andes and fiery land.

Central Andes.

The largest part of the mining system. At its limits there are mountainous arrays of Argentina, Chile, Bolivia and Peru. For an orotectonic structure, the presence of high-altitude plane and plateau - "PUN" (or "Altiplano" in Bolivia). Hard middle array, within which plain data was formed, divided into several blocks. It is clearly visible in the cracks that appeared due to the raising of the magma and the outpouring of Love. As a result, there is a combination of accumulative plains in the lowlands of the relief, sections of Penpetlen and lava plateau. As for climate, it is rather arid in the central Andes.

Fire Earth

The archipelago includes several dozen islands of various squares. The largest of them, occupying two thirds of the common territory, is about. Islands belong to Argentina and Chile. The western part of the fiery land continues the Mountain System of Andes and is strongly disseminated. Mountain arrays (1000-1300 meters) are separated by interguric valleys, and some of the ocean flooded with the water, fjords. The highest point (2469 meters) is located on Big island. Ancient glacial relief prevails. A lot of lakes bought by Seorami.

On the larger territory of the archipelago, moderate in the western part over the year, abundant precipitation drops out (drizzling) to 3000 mm throughout the year. In the east of precipitation less - up to 500 mm. Summer is cool, and winter is relatively warm (1-5 ° C). Tourists who visited the fiery land declare that summer is there, as in Tundra, and winter is similar to subtropics (at temperatures). With the rise in the mountain, the temperature is sharply reduced and already at a mark of 500 meters reaches a negative value.

In Antarctica, there is not only ice, snow and penguins, but also the mountains. And quite long. All Antarctica crosses a huge ridge, dividing it to Western and Eastern. This last place ranking "the longest mountain in the world", stretched 3,500 kilometers. The ridge was opened in 1908 by Captain Ross. In subsequent years, he repeatedly crossed research expeditions, but most equally remains unexplored. Fortunately, now there is a satellite shooting, which allows if you do not touch the ridge, then at least look at it.

Copper mountains. So in the language of Inca, the name of the longest mountains in the world sounds. These are Andy Cordillera or just Andes.

For a length, this mountain chain is not comparable to any other on the planet. Andes stretched to record 9 thousand kilometers. They begin with the Caribbean Sea and reach the fiery land.

The highest peak of Andiy Cordiller is Mount Akonkagau. It rises exactly 6962 meters. By the way, there are places where 500 kilometers have 500 kilometers wide, well, and the maximum width of the mountain system is 750 kilometers. This value is registered in Central Andes, in Andiy Highlands.

However, most of the Andiy Cordiller takes a plateau called Pune. It has a very high snow line. It reaches 6500 meters, but the average height of the mountains is about 4,000 meters.

As experts say, Andes are relatively young mountains. Here the process of the population ended several million years ago. The birth of fossils began in the Precambrian and Paleozoic periods. Then the sushi sites began to appear on the site of the vast ocean. For a long time, the locality where today's Andes are, was the land, then the sea.

She graduated from the mountain range to form a raising rock, as a result of this, a huge stamps made of stone on an impressive height. By the way, this process continues and now. Sometimes an earthquake and volcanic eruptions are in the Andes.

The longest mountains in the world are both the largest interconnected watershed. In Andiy Cordillera, the famous Amazon River, as well as her tributary, takes its beginning. In addition, the influx of other largest rivers of South America countries begin here - Parana, Orinoco and Paraguay. Mainland Mountains serve as a climatic barrier, in other words, Andes are insulating land from west of any influence Atlantic OceanOn the other hand, from the east, protected from the Pacific Ocean.

Not surprisingly, considering the length of the mountains that the Andes are located in six climatic belts. Subtropical moderate, equatorial, southern tropical, northern and southern subequatorial. In the Western slopes, unlike the southern, drops up to ten thousand millimeters of precipitation per year. Consequently, the landscape in different parts is radically different.

According to the relief, the longest mountains in the world are divided into three regions. This is the Southern, Northern and Central Andes. North belongs to Ecuadorian Andes, Caribbean Andes and the North-Western Andes. The main cordillers are divided by the Caucan and Magdalen rivers. And here there are many volcanoes. For example, Wylah rose to 5750 meters, Rius up to 5400 meters, and now the current Cumbal is towers at 4890 meters.

The longest in the world - Mountains of Andes (very beautiful)

In Ecuadorian Andes hit a volcanic goal with the most high volcanoes. What is only one chimborace with a height of 6267 meters. He breathes in his back no less giant Kotopakh - its height - 5896 meters. The chain crosses seven states of South America at once. This is Ecuador, Bolivia, Columbia, Venezuela, Chile, Peru, Argentina. And the highest point of Ecuadorian Andads is Mount Washaran 6769 meters high.

As for the southern Andes, they are divided into Patagonian and Chilean-Argentinean. In this part of the most high peaks TUPUNGATO 6,800 meters high and a medvenario height of 6770 meters. The snow line in this part reaches 6 thousand meters.

Diverse and beautiful

Andes are unique natural place. The longest mountains on the planet are unusually picturesque. And in each country that the mining system crosses, its highlight. For example, in Andes, Venezuelas grow deciduous forests and shrubs on red soils. The lower parts of the slopes from the central to the northwestern Andes cover wet tropical and equatorial forests. There are ficuses, bananas, palm trees, cocoa tree, bamboo, lianas. However, there are numerous moss swamps, and lifeless stony spaces. Well, all that above 4500 meters - already eternal ice and snow. By the way, Andes are the birthplace of Coca, a fan tree, tobacco, tomatoes and potatoes.

Animal world of Andes is not less interesting. Alpacas are found here, Lama, cloth monkeys, as well as deer Pudi, Gaemal, relicy glasses bears, Vicuni, sloths, blue foxes, chinchillas, hummingbirds. In a word, those who residents of Russia can meet except in zoos.

The feature of the Andes is a large species diversity of amphibians - their more than 900 species. There are about 600 mammals and almost 2 thousand species of birds in the mountains. In local rivers there are almost 400 species of freshwater fish.

Tourist delicacy

Andes, with the exception of difficult and remote areas, are not at all the untouched nature reserve. Literally every piece of land is processed here local residents. But still, for most tourists, the road to Andes means the same as "care" from modern times. Local lifestyle, which is preserved for centuries, helps to go back to the past.

Travelers will immediately rush to the eye patchwork blanket from crops, which cover the mountainside. And the color changes from dark green to golden. Tourists are invited to move along the ancient Indian trails, where sometimes, however, will have to stop to skip the flock of goats, sheep or Guanako. And it does not matter, once again, the Andes are visited, in the first or hundredth, nature will never leave indifferent.

Unforgettable meetings with locals. You can talk to them as in their language, as well as gestures. However, some mountain inhabitants are not very willing to dialogue. In the event that a contact inlet fell, it will not be bad to look at his lifestyle. The huts are made from untreated bricks, people, sometimes live without electricity, and water draws from a nearby stream.

Well, hiking in the mountains do not quite resemble climbing classes. This is most likely walking along the steep paths. But they must be made only well prepared and absolutely healthy people with special equipment.
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